Caffeine affects autonomic control of heart rate and blood pressure recovery after aerobic exercise in young adults: a crossover study

Luana Almeida Gonzaga, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Rayana Loch Gomes, Vitor Engrácia Valenti, Luana Almeida Gonzaga, Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei, Rayana Loch Gomes, Vitor Engrácia Valenti

Abstract

The post-exercise recovery period is associated with changes in autonomic modulation, which can promote an intercurrent-favorable environment. Caffeine has the ability to release catecholamines, but its effects after exercises is little explored. The present study aims to evaluate the acute effects of caffeine on the autonomic control and cardiorespiratory parameters after moderate intensity aerobic exercise. 32 young males (23,59 ± 3,45 years) were submitted to two protocols: Placebo and Caffeine, consisting of 15 minutes of rest, 30 minutes of exercise on a treadmill to 60% on VO2peak, followed by 60 minutes of recovery. Heart rate variability indices and cardiorespiratory parameters were determined at different times during the protocols. The RMSSD and SD1 indices recovered faster in placebo (p < 0.05). The systolic blood pressure differences were found from the 1st to the 5th minute of recovery with the caffeine protocol and from the 1st and 3rd minute with the placebo, whereas, for diastolic blood pressure, significant differences (p < 0.0001) were observed only for the caffeine protocol at the 1st and 3rd minutes of recovery. Caffeine was shown to be capable of delaying parasympathetic recovery but did not influence the behavior of the respiratory rate, oxygen saturation or frequency-domain HRV indices.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart sample loss during the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mean values and respective standard deviations of heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure and (DBP) respiratory rate (RR) obtained in the placebo and caffeine protocols at rest and during recovery (Rec). *Values with significant difference in relation to rest (Friedman test followed by the Dunn test, p 

Figure 3

Mean values and their respective…

Figure 3

Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the time domain…

Figure 3
Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the time domain during rest and recovery (Rec), obtained from the placebo and caffeine protocols. *Values with significant differences in relation to rest (Friedman test followed by the Dunn test; p #Values with significant differences in relation to rest (ANOVA for repeated measures followed by the Bonferroni test, p < 0.05).

Figure 4

Mean values and their respective…

Figure 4

Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the frequency domain…

Figure 4
Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the frequency domain in the rest period and during the recovery (Rec), obtained from the placebo and caffeine protocols. *Values of the control protocol with significant difference in relation to rest (Friedman test followed by the Dunn test, p 
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Figure 3
Figure 3
Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the time domain during rest and recovery (Rec), obtained from the placebo and caffeine protocols. *Values with significant differences in relation to rest (Friedman test followed by the Dunn test; p #Values with significant differences in relation to rest (ANOVA for repeated measures followed by the Bonferroni test, p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Mean values and their respective standard deviations of indices in the frequency domain in the rest period and during the recovery (Rec), obtained from the placebo and caffeine protocols. *Values of the control protocol with significant difference in relation to rest (Friedman test followed by the Dunn test, p 

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