Exposure to indoor air pollution across socio-economic groups in high-income countries: A scoping review of the literature and a modelling methodology

Lauren Ferguson, Jonathon Taylor, Michael Davies, Clive Shrubsole, Phil Symonds, Sani Dimitroulopoulou, Lauren Ferguson, Jonathon Taylor, Michael Davies, Clive Shrubsole, Phil Symonds, Sani Dimitroulopoulou

Abstract

Disparities in outdoor air pollution exposure between individuals of differing socio-economic status is a growing area of research, widely explored in the environmental health literature. However, in developed countries, around 80% of time is spent indoors, meaning indoor air pollution may be a better proxy for personal exposure. Building characteristics - such as build quality, volume and ventilation - and occupant behaviour, mean indoor air pollution may also vary across socio-economic groups, leading to health inequalities. Much of the existing literature has focused on inequalities in exposure to outdoor air pollution, and there is thus a lack of an evidence base reviewing data for indoor environments. In this study, a scoping review of the literature on indoor air pollution exposures across different socio-economic groups is performed, examining evidence from both monitoring and modelling studies in the developed world. The literature was reviewed, identifying different indoor pollutants, definitions for socio-economic status and pre- and post- housing interventions. Based on the review, the study proposes a modelling methodology for evaluating the effects of environmental policies on different socio-economic populations. Using a sample size calculation, obstacles in obtaining sufficiently large samples of monitored data are demonstrated. A modelling framework for the rapid quantification of daily home exposure is then outlined as a proof of concept. While significant additional research is required to examine inequalities in indoor exposures, modelling approaches may provide opportunities to quantify exposure disparities due to housing and behaviours across populations of different socio-economic status.

Keywords: Environmental justice; Household air pollution; Indoor air quality; Indoor environment modelling; Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA); Socio-economic status.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Crown Copyright © 2020. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Schematic representation of the process used to identify literature.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Childhood home daily PM2.5 exposure across households above and below the LIT, for summer and winter weekends.

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