The effectiveness of a group-based Otago exercise program on physical function, frailty and health status in older nursing home residents: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Yu Peng, Jing Yi, Yuhan Zhang, Liyan Sha, Shixiao Jin, Yang Liu, Yu Peng, Jing Yi, Yuhan Zhang, Liyan Sha, Shixiao Jin, Yang Liu
Abstract
Objectives: To explore the effects of a group-based Otago exercise program (OEP) on physical function (mobility, balance, lower limb strength), frailty and health status in older nursing home residents to determine the optimal scheme and format.
Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to estimate group-based OEP effects. Subgroup analysis was performed to identify the influences of the participant and intervention characteristics on the effects.
Results: Twelve studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis, and the overall quality was relatively high. The results showed that the group-based OEP significantly improved physical function, including mobility [SMD=-0.64, 95% CI (-0.83,-0.45), Z=6.55, p<0.001], balance [MD=4.72, 95% CI (3.54, 5.90), Z=7.84, p<0.001], lower limb strength [SMD=-1.09, 95% CI (-1.40, -0.79), Z=7.01, p<0.001]; frailty [SMD=-0.73, 95% CI (-1.01, -0.45), Z=5.13, p<0.001] and health status [SMD=0.47, 95% CI (0.20, 0.74), Z=3.44, p=0.0006]. Subgroup analysis revealed that 30-minute sessions were more beneficial for improving balance than >30-minute sessions (p=0.0004). The training was coordinated with physiotherapists, who were more skilled at improving mobility than providing health training education (p=0.04).
Conclusions: Group-based OEP is helpful for improving physical function, frailty and health status in older nursing home residents. Specifically, 30-minute sessions and coordinating with physiotherapists may be the most appropriate and effective options.
Keywords: Frailty; Meta-analysis; Nursing home; Older adults; Otago exercise program; Physical function; Systematic review.
Conflict of interest statement
Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed