Delivery Mode Affects Stability of Early Infant Gut Microbiota
Caroline M Mitchell, Chiara Mazzoni, Larson Hogstrom, Allison Bryant, Agnes Bergerat, Avital Cher, Shawna Pochan, Penelope Herman, Maureen Carrigan, Karen Sharp, Curtis Huttenhower, Eric S Lander, Hera Vlamakis, Ramnik J Xavier, Moran Yassour, Caroline M Mitchell, Chiara Mazzoni, Larson Hogstrom, Allison Bryant, Agnes Bergerat, Avital Cher, Shawna Pochan, Penelope Herman, Maureen Carrigan, Karen Sharp, Curtis Huttenhower, Eric S Lander, Hera Vlamakis, Ramnik J Xavier, Moran Yassour
Abstract
Mode of delivery strongly influences the early infant gut microbiome. Children born by cesarean section (C-section) lack Bacteroides species until 6-18 months of age. One hypothesis is that these differences stem from lack of exposure to the maternal vaginal microbiome. Here, we re-evaluate this hypothesis by comparing the microbial profiles of 75 infants born vaginally or by planned versus emergent C-section. Multiple children born by C-section have a high abundance of Bacteroides in their first few days of life, but at 2 weeks, both C-section groups lack Bacteroides (primarily according to 16S sequencing), despite their difference in exposure to the birth canal. Finally, a comparison of microbial strain profiles between infants and maternal vaginal or rectal samples finds evidence for mother-to-child transmission of rectal rather than vaginal strains. These results suggest differences in colonization stability as an important factor in infant gut microbiome composition rather than birth canal exposure.
Keywords: infant gut microbiota, caesarean delivery, Bacteroides, delivery mode, transmission of maternal strains.
Conflict of interest statement
C.M.M. receives grant funding from Merck and has served as a consultant for Scynexis. C.H. is a member of the Seres Therapeutics, Empress Therapeutics, and ZOE Nutrition scientific advisory boards. E.S.L. serves on the board of directors for Codiak BioSciences and on the scientific advisory board of F-Prime Capital Partners and Third Rock Ventures; he is also affiliated with several non-profit organizations, including serving on the board of directors of the Innocence Project, Count Me In, and the Biden Cancer Initiative, and the board of trustees for the Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy. He has served and continues to serve on various federal advisory committees. R.J.X. is a consultant to Nestlé.
© 2020 The Author(s).
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Source: PubMed