Administration of vorinostat disrupts HIV-1 latency in patients on antiretroviral therapy
N M Archin, A L Liberty, A D Kashuba, S K Choudhary, J D Kuruc, A M Crooks, D C Parker, E M Anderson, M F Kearney, M C Strain, D D Richman, M G Hudgens, R J Bosch, J M Coffin, J J Eron, D J Hazuda, D M Margolis, N M Archin, A L Liberty, A D Kashuba, S K Choudhary, J D Kuruc, A M Crooks, D C Parker, E M Anderson, M F Kearney, M C Strain, D D Richman, M G Hudgens, R J Bosch, J M Coffin, J J Eron, D J Hazuda, D M Margolis
Abstract
Despite antiretroviral therapy, proviral latency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) remains a principal obstacle to curing the infection. Inducing the expression of latent genomes within resting CD4(+) T cells is the primary strategy to clear this reservoir. Although histone deacetylase inhibitors such as suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (also known as vorinostat, VOR) can disrupt HIV-1 latency in vitro, the utility of this approach has never been directly proven in a translational clinical study of HIV-infected patients. Here we isolated the circulating resting CD4(+) T cells of patients in whom viraemia was fully suppressed by antiretroviral therapy, and directly studied the effect of VOR on this latent reservoir. In each of eight patients, a single dose of VOR increased both biomarkers of cellular acetylation, and simultaneously induced an increase in HIV RNA expression in resting CD4(+) cells (mean increase, 4.8-fold). This demonstrates that a molecular mechanism known to enforce HIV latency can be therapeutically targeted in humans, provides proof-of-concept for histone deacetylase inhibitors as a therapeutic class, and defines a precise approach to test novel strategies to attack and eradicate latent HIV infection directly.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01319383.
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Source: PubMed