Mapping the mechanisms of transcranial alternating current stimulation: a pathway from network effects to cognition

Ruairidh M Battleday, Timothy Muller, Michael S Clayton, Roi Cohen Kadosh, Ruairidh M Battleday, Timothy Muller, Michael S Clayton, Roi Cohen Kadosh

No abstract available

Keywords: cognitive enhancement; neuroenhancement; non-invasive brain stimulation; oscillations; oscillatory activity; transcranial alternating current stimulation; transcranial electrical stimulation.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Oscillations in electrophysiological recordings and the effects of tACS on network activity. (A) Electrophysiological recordings can reveal important information about the brain, in both resting and task-oriented states. Left: the electroencephalogram, which displays electrical signals from a series of electrodes placed on the scalp. Right: when electrophysiological recordings are filtered oscillatory patterns emerge in a task-, area-, and state-dependent manner, typically divided into delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–7 Hz), alpha (7–12 Hz), beta (12–30 Hz), and gamma (30–100+ Hz) frequency bands. (B) The interaction between tACS and neural firing (shown through both local field potential fluctuations and changes in neural firing patterns). In animals, theoretical, and human work, tACS has been found to increase the power of oscillations and cause them to synchronize their fluctuations with incoming stimulation (see text).

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