Early results of lower dose dasatinib (50 mg daily) as frontline therapy for newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia

Abstract

Background: Dasatinib is a potent BCR-ABL1 and Src family tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It is approved at a dose of 100 mg orally daily for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia in chronic phase (CML-CP). This dose schedule is associated with myelosuppression and pleural effusions. Anecdotal data suggest that lower doses may be as effective and less toxic. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a lower dose of dasatinib (50 mg daily) in patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP received dasatinib 50 mg daily. The eligibility and response criteria were standards used in previous protocols.

Results: At a median follow-up of 9 months, 60 patients were evaluable for a response at 3 months. The rates of patients achieving BCR-ABL1 transcript levels ≤ 10% and ≤ 1% at 3 months by the International Standard were 93% and 72%, respectively. The rates of complete cytogenetic response by conventional cytogenetics or fluorescence in situ hybridization at 6 and 12 months were 86% and 88%, respectively. At 12 months, 79%, 71%, and 46% of the patients had achieved a major molecular response, a molecular response with a 4.0-log reduction, and a molecular response with a 4.5-log reduction, respectively. Nine patients had a dose interruption for ≤14 days. Only 1 patient developed a pleural effusion requiring a dose reduction to 20 mg. All patients remained alive and with no transformation so far.

Conclusion: Dasatinib 50 mg daily is active and well tolerated in patients with newly diagnosed CML-CP. It should be further explored as a new potential standard-of-care option for chronic myeloid leukemia. Cancer 2018;124:2740-2747. © 2018 American Cancer Society.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02689440.

Keywords: chronic myeloid leukemia; complete cytogenetic response; dasatinib; major molecular response.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest: The authors declare no competing financial interests.

© 2018 American Cancer Society.

Figures

Figure 1

A. CCyR rates compared to historical data (DASISION trial) ,

Figure 1

A. CCyR rates compared to historical data (DASISION trial) ,

Figure 2.

Responses according to BCR-ABL1 transcript levels at 3 and 6 months – a comparison with historical data (DASISION trial)