Three Breathing Techniques for Heart Rate Variability, Attention, Reaction Time, and Anxiety
Comparative Effects of Three Breathing Techniques on Heart Rate Variability, Attention, Reaction Time, and Anxiety in Healthy Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial
調査の概要
詳細な説明
Healthy adults aged 18-40 years were recruited using convenience sampling and randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to Mindfulness Breathing, Box Breathing, or Nadi Shodhana Pranayama. Participants received an individual face-to-face training session delivered by the same physiotherapist, practiced their assigned breathing technique under supervision until correct performance was confirmed, and subsequently performed daily home-based practice for six weeks using standardized instructional videos. Daily WhatsApp reminders containing the appropriate video link were sent to support adherence.
Heart rate variability was assessed using a Polar H10 heart rate monitor with 5-minute resting recordings analyzed using Kubios HRV software. Attention performance was measured using the Digit Cancellation Test, reaction time was assessed using the BlazePod wireless reaction system, and anxiety outcomes were evaluated using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Assessments were performed at baseline and after six weeks.
研究の種類
入学 (実際)
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究場所
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Kagıthane
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Istanbul、Kagıthane、トルコ(Türkiye)
- Istanbul Atlas University
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参加基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 大人
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy adults aged 18 to 40 years.
- Ability to provide written informed consent.
- Ownership of a smartphone with internet access.
- Willingness to participate in daily breathing practice for six weeks.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Respiratory disease.
- History of lung transplantation.
- Pregnancy or suspected pregnancy.
- Previous experience with yoga, Qigong, breath therapy, or other structured breathing practices.
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:基礎科学
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:並列代入
- マスキング:独身
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
|---|---|
|
アクティブコンパレータ:Mindfulness Breathing
Participants practiced mindful awareness of their natural breathing without intentionally altering breathing rhythm during daily home sessions for six weeks.
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Participants received an individual face-to-face training session from the same physiotherapist, practiced under supervision until correct performance was confirmed, and subsequently performed daily home-based mindfulness breathing for six weeks using standardized instructional videos and daily WhatsApp reminders.
|
|
実験的:Box Breathing
Participants performed a structured 4-4-4-4 breathing cycle consisting of 4 seconds of inhalation, 4 seconds of breath holding, 4 seconds of exhalation, and a 4-second post-exhalation pause during daily home practice for six weeks.
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Participants received standardized face-to-face instruction and performed daily home-based Box Breathing using a 4-second inhalation, 4-second breath hold, 4-second exhalation, and 4-second pause for six weeks, supported by instructional videos and daily WhatsApp reminders.
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実験的:Nadi Shodhana Pranayama
Participants performed alternate nostril breathing with controlled inhalation and exhalation while maintaining a slow and rhythmic breathing pattern during daily home practice for six weeks.
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Participants received standardized face-to-face instruction and performed daily home-based alternate nostril breathing for six weeks using instructional videos and daily WhatsApp reminders.
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この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
Resting Heart Rate
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
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Resting heart rate (beats per minute) measured from a 5-minute seated recording using the Polar H10 heart rate monitor (Polar Electro, Kempele, Finland).
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Baseline and Week 6
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Root Mean Square of Successive Differences (RMSSD)
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
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RMSSD (milliseconds), a vagally mediated heart rate variability parameter, derived from 5-minute RR interval recordings analyzed using Kubios HRV software.
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Baseline and Week 6
|
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Respiratory Rate
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
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Respiratory rate (breaths per minute) obtained from the 5-minute Polar H10 recording.
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Baseline and Week 6
|
二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
BlazePod Reaction Time
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
|
Reaction time assessed using a single BlazePod wireless light-based reaction system with the dominant hand.
The system recorded average reaction time, number of successful responses, and number of errors.
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Baseline and Week 6
|
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Digit Cancellation Test Score
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
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Attention performance is assessed using the Digit Cancellation Test by recording the number of correctly identified targets within 30 seconds.
Higher scores indicate better sustained and selective attention performance.
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Baseline and Week 6
|
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Anxiety
時間枠:Baseline and Week 6
|
Anxiety assessed using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory.
Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater state anxiety.
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Baseline and Week 6
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協力者と研究者
スポンサー
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
一次修了 (実際)
研究の完了 (実際)
試験登録日
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
その他の研究ID番号
- E 22686390 050.99 62685
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
IPD プランの説明
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
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