Comparison of Alignment Speed, Patient Discomfort and Root Resorption Between Two Different Sequences of Archwires

Inclusion Criteria:

Age range 12-35 years.

• Both male and female patients.
• Medically-fit patients with no medical condition associated with root resorption risk.
• No previous history of orthodontic treatment.
• Patients requiring complete upper and lower orthodontic treatment with fixed appliance.
• Angle class I, II, and III malocclusion with crowding in both maxillary and mandibular anterior dentition.
• Healthy permanent dentition with adequate oral hygiene and no periodontal diseases; before the start of orthodontic treatment.

Exclusion Criteria:

Cleft lip & palate patients

• Syndromic patients
• Patients with bone pathologies
• Habits such as smoking
• Patients with parafunctional habits or history of pre-existing root resorption
• Patients taking drugs which inhibit or accelerate tooth movement
• Tooth or teeth with periapical infection.
• Patients with pain from any other medical or dental condition that may have affected their reported discomfort scores were excluded
• Endodontically treated mandibular or maxillary anterior teeth
• Presence of blocked-out tooth that did not allow for placement of the bracket or full AW engagement at the initial bonding.