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Respiratory Pathogen Distribution During and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

20. mai 2026 oppdatert av: Bekir Sami Uyanık, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Comparative Analysis of Respiratory Pathogens During and After the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Retrospective Multiplex PCR-Based Study

This retrospective observational study aims to evaluate changes in the prevalence and distribution of respiratory pathogens detected by multiplex respiratory polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The study includes 537 patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms at a tertiary care center. Patients were divided into pandemic-period and post-pandemic-period groups, and respiratory pathogen profiles were compared between the groups.

The study investigates the epidemiological impact of COVID-19-related public health measures on respiratory pathogen circulation patterns, including bacterial and viral respiratory infections. The findings may contribute to improved respiratory infection surveillance, diagnostic strategies, and post-pandemic public health preparedness.

Studieoversikt

Status

Fullført

Forhold

Detaljert beskrivelse

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly altered the epidemiology of respiratory infections worldwide. Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), including mask use, social distancing, travel restrictions, enhanced hygiene measures, and lockdown policies, were implemented primarily to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission. However, these interventions also affected the circulation patterns of other respiratory pathogens.

Several studies have demonstrated substantial reductions in influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and other respiratory viral infections during periods of strict public health measures. Following the relaxation of these interventions, many regions experienced re-emergence and altered seasonal patterns of respiratory pathogens. Continuous surveillance of respiratory infections has therefore become increasingly important for both clinical management and public health preparedness.

This retrospective observational cohort study aims to evaluate changes in respiratory pathogen prevalence during and after the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic using multiplex respiratory PCR testing data obtained from patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms at a tertiary care center. A total of 537 patients were included and categorized into pandemic-period and post-pandemic-period groups.

Demographic characteristics and multiplex PCR results were analyzed and compared between the groups. Respiratory pathogens evaluated in the study included bacterial and viral agents such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Influenza A/B, SARS-CoV-2, RSV, Rhinovirus, Bocavirus, Parainfluenza virus, Coronavirus, and Metapneumovirus.

The study aims to contribute to understanding the long-term epidemiological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures on respiratory pathogen distribution. In addition, the findings may support future infection surveillance strategies, diagnostic approaches, and healthcare preparedness in post-pandemic periods.

Studietype

Observasjonsmessig

Registrering (Faktiske)

537

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkia (Türkiye)
      • Istanbul, Tyrkia (Türkiye), 34768
        • Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Barn
  • Voksen
  • Eldre voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Prøvetakingsmetode

Ikke-sannsynlighetsprøve

Studiepopulasjon

The study population consisted of patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms who underwent multiplex respiratory polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing at a tertiary care center during the pandemic and post-pandemic periods. Patients with complete demographic and laboratory data were included in the analysis.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults and/or pediatric patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms
  • Patients who underwent multiplex respiratory PCR testing
  • Patients with complete demographic and laboratory records
  • Patients included during the defined pandemic or post-pandemic study periods

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Incomplete laboratory or demographic data
  • Duplicate test records from the same infection episode
  • Invalid or inconclusive PCR results
  • Patients without respiratory infection symptoms

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter og intervensjoner

Gruppe / Kohort
Pandemic Period Group
Patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms who underwent multiplex respiratory PCR testing during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period.
Post-Pandemic Period Group
Patients presenting with respiratory infection symptoms who underwent multiplex respiratory PCR testing during the post-pandemic normalization period.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in the prevalence of respiratory pathogens between the pandemic and post-pandemic periods
Tidsramme: Retrospectively assessed at the time of respiratory PCR testing during the study periods. Pandemic period: March 2020 - May 2023 Post-pandemic period: June 2023 - December 202
The primary outcome is the difference in detection rates of respiratory pathogens identified by multiplex respiratory PCR testing between the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic period and the post-pandemic period.
Retrospectively assessed at the time of respiratory PCR testing during the study periods. Pandemic period: March 2020 - May 2023 Post-pandemic period: June 2023 - December 202

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

Den som er ansvarlig for å legge inn informasjon om studien leverer frivillig disse publikasjonene. Disse kan handle om alt relatert til studiet.

Generelle publikasjoner

Hjelpsomme linker

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

1. januar 2021

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

30. desember 2024

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

30. desember 2024

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

13. mai 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

20. mai 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

22. mai 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

22. mai 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

20. mai 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. mai 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • HHI-RP-PCR-2026-001

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

NEI

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared because this retrospective study contains hospital-based patient data, and sharing such data may compromise patient confidentiality and institutional data protection policies.

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

Denne informasjonen ble hentet direkte fra nettstedet clinicaltrials.gov uten noen endringer. Hvis du har noen forespørsler om å endre, fjerne eller oppdatere studiedetaljene dine, vennligst kontakt register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en endring er implementert på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også bli oppdatert automatisk på nettstedet vårt. .

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