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Clinical Performance of Orthodontic Bands in the Restorative Treatment of Hypomineralised Primary Second Molars

10. september 2026 oppdatert av: Lavínia Lourenço Costa, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Clinical Performance of Orthodontic Bands in the Restorative Treatment of Hypomineralised Primary Second Molars: a Randomised Clinical Trial

This randomised clinical trial will compare the clinical performance and acceptability of orthodontic bands and preformed stainless steel crowns for the restorative management of hypomineralised second primary molars. Thirty children aged 5-10 years will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either an orthodontic band or a stainless steel crown. One index tooth per participant will be evaluated immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months. The primary outcomes will be marginal adaptation, retention, and the presence of carious lesions. Secondary outcomes will include biofilm accumulation and treatment acceptability among children and their caregivers.

Studieoversikt

Status

Rekruttering

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

Hypomineralised second primary molars are more susceptible to post-eruptive enamel breakdown, carious lesions, hypersensitivity, and premature tooth loss. Although preformed stainless steel crowns have demonstrated favourable clinical performance in primary molars, orthodontic bands may represent a less invasive restorative approach for maintaining affected teeth until physiological exfoliation. However, their clinical performance in hypomineralised primary teeth has not been investigated.

This parallel-group randomised clinical trial will include 30 children presenting at least one hypomineralised second primary molar with extensive post-eruptive enamel breakdown or a cavitated carious lesion requiring restorative treatment. Participants will be randomly allocated to receive either an orthodontic band cemented with glass ionomer luting cement after restoration of the cavitated lesion or a preformed stainless steel crown placed using the Hall technique. When more than one tooth is eligible, one index tooth will be randomly selected for the primary analysis.

Clinical assessments will be performed immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Marginal adaptation, retention, and carious lesions adjacent to the restoration margins will be assessed using modified United States Public Health Service criteria. Biofilm accumulation will be assessed using the Silness and Löe Plaque Index. Treatment acceptability will be evaluated immediately after treatment using separate questionnaires for children and caregivers. Physiological exfoliation during follow-up will be recorded separately and will not be considered treatment failure.

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Antatt)

30

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

  • Brasil
    • Rio Grande do Norte
      • Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, 59056-000
        • Rekruttering
        • Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
        • Ta kontakt med:

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Barn

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 5-10 years.
  • Presence of at least one second primary molar affected by hypomineralised second primary molars requiring restorative treatment.
  • Hypomineralisation associated with post-eruptive enamel breakdown involving more than one tooth surface or a cavitated carious lesion involving more than one surface and classified as code 5 or 6 according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Extensive carious lesion with subgingival margins.
  • Clinical or radiographic signs of pulpal inflammation or necrosis.
  • Advanced physiological root resorption indicating imminent exfoliation of the eligible tooth.
  • Previous restorative treatment of the eligible tooth.
  • Presence of bruxism.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Ingen (Open Label)

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: Bands
Participants allocated to this arm will receive selective removal of softened carious dentine when carious tissue is present, followed by restoration of the cavity with conventional glass ionomer restorative cement (GC Gold Label 9). A prefabricated stainless steel orthodontic band will then be adapted to the index tooth and cemented with glass ionomer luting cement (Meron).
Fremgangsmåte: Orthodontic band restorative treatment
Selective removal of softened carious dentine, when present, followed by restoration with conventional glass ionomer cement and placement of a prefabricated stainless steel orthodontic band cemented with glass ionomer luting cement.
Aktiv komparator: Crowns
articipants allocated to this arm will receive a preformed stainless steel crown placed using the Hall technique, without caries removal, local anaesthesia, or tooth preparation. When a large cavity is present, glass ionomer restorative cement (GC Gold Label 9) will be placed at its base without prior caries removal. The crown will be cemented with glass ionomer luting cement (Meron).
Fremgangsmåte: Hall Technique with preformed stainless steel crown
Placement of a preformed stainless steel crown using the Hall technique, without caries removal, local anaesthesia, or tooth preparation. The crown will be cemented with glass ionomer luting cement.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Marginal adaptation
Tidsramme: 18 months after treatment
Marginal adaptation will be assessed using modified United States Public Health Service criteria: Alpha, continuous margin without a detectable gap; Bravo, minor discontinuity not requiring clinical intervention; and Charlie, marginal defect requiring repair or replacement. Alpha and Bravo will be considered clinically satisfactory, whereas Charlie will be considered a failure.
18 months after treatment
Retention
Tidsramme: 18 months after treatment
Retention will be classified as Alpha when the orthodontic band or stainless steel crown remains firmly cemented and functional, or Charlie when it is lost or dislodged and requires recementation or replacement. Alpha will be considered successful retention and Charlie a failure.
18 months after treatment
Presence of carious lesions
Tidsramme: 18 months after treatment
Carious lesions adjacent to the restoration margins will be assessed clinically and classified as Alpha when absent or Charlie when present. Alpha will be considered clinically satisfactory and Charlie a failure.
18 months after treatment

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Biofilm accumulation
Tidsramme: Immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months
Biofilm accumulation will be assessed using the Silness and Löe Plaque Index, ranging from 0 to 3: 0, absence of biofilm; 1, thin biofilm film along the free gingival margin; 2, moderate accumulation within the gingival sulcus; and 3, abundant accumulation within the gingival sulcus. Lower scores indicate less biofilm accumulation.
Immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months
Child-reported treatment acceptability
Tidsramme: Immediately after treatment
Acceptability will be assessed using a five-item questionnaire. Each item will be scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 20. The negatively worded item will be reverse-scored. Higher total scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.
Immediately after treatment
Caregiver-reported treatment acceptability
Tidsramme: Immediately after treatment
Acceptability will be assessed using a five-item questionnaire. Each item will be scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 20. Higher total scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.
Immediately after treatment

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

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Generelle publikasjoner

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

3. november 2025

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

1. august 2028

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

1. juli 2029

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

5. september 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

5. september 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

11. september 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

15. september 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

10. september 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. september 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Nøkkelord

Ytterligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • 8.054.527

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

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NEI

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