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Clinical Performance of Orthodontic Bands in the Restorative Treatment of Hypomineralised Primary Second Molars

10 september 2026 bijgewerkt door: Lavínia Lourenço Costa, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Clinical Performance of Orthodontic Bands in the Restorative Treatment of Hypomineralised Primary Second Molars: a Randomised Clinical Trial

This randomised clinical trial will compare the clinical performance and acceptability of orthodontic bands and preformed stainless steel crowns for the restorative management of hypomineralised second primary molars. Thirty children aged 5-10 years will be randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio to receive either an orthodontic band or a stainless steel crown. One index tooth per participant will be evaluated immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months. The primary outcomes will be marginal adaptation, retention, and the presence of carious lesions. Secondary outcomes will include biofilm accumulation and treatment acceptability among children and their caregivers.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Hypomineralised second primary molars are more susceptible to post-eruptive enamel breakdown, carious lesions, hypersensitivity, and premature tooth loss. Although preformed stainless steel crowns have demonstrated favourable clinical performance in primary molars, orthodontic bands may represent a less invasive restorative approach for maintaining affected teeth until physiological exfoliation. However, their clinical performance in hypomineralised primary teeth has not been investigated.

This parallel-group randomised clinical trial will include 30 children presenting at least one hypomineralised second primary molar with extensive post-eruptive enamel breakdown or a cavitated carious lesion requiring restorative treatment. Participants will be randomly allocated to receive either an orthodontic band cemented with glass ionomer luting cement after restoration of the cavitated lesion or a preformed stainless steel crown placed using the Hall technique. When more than one tooth is eligible, one index tooth will be randomly selected for the primary analysis.

Clinical assessments will be performed immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months. Marginal adaptation, retention, and carious lesions adjacent to the restoration margins will be assessed using modified United States Public Health Service criteria. Biofilm accumulation will be assessed using the Silness and Löe Plaque Index. Treatment acceptability will be evaluated immediately after treatment using separate questionnaires for children and caregivers. Physiological exfoliation during follow-up will be recorded separately and will not be considered treatment failure.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

30

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studie Locaties

  • Brazilië
    • Rio Grande do Norte
      • Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazilië, 59056-000
        • Werving
        • Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Kind

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 5-10 years.
  • Presence of at least one second primary molar affected by hypomineralised second primary molars requiring restorative treatment.
  • Hypomineralisation associated with post-eruptive enamel breakdown involving more than one tooth surface or a cavitated carious lesion involving more than one surface and classified as code 5 or 6 according to the International Caries Detection and Assessment System.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Extensive carious lesion with subgingival margins.
  • Clinical or radiographic signs of pulpal inflammation or necrosis.
  • Advanced physiological root resorption indicating imminent exfoliation of the eligible tooth.
  • Previous restorative treatment of the eligible tooth.
  • Presence of bruxism.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Behandeling
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Geen (open label)

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Bands
Participants allocated to this arm will receive selective removal of softened carious dentine when carious tissue is present, followed by restoration of the cavity with conventional glass ionomer restorative cement (GC Gold Label 9). A prefabricated stainless steel orthodontic band will then be adapted to the index tooth and cemented with glass ionomer luting cement (Meron).
Procedure: Orthodontic band restorative treatment
Selective removal of softened carious dentine, when present, followed by restoration with conventional glass ionomer cement and placement of a prefabricated stainless steel orthodontic band cemented with glass ionomer luting cement.
Actieve vergelijker: Crowns
articipants allocated to this arm will receive a preformed stainless steel crown placed using the Hall technique, without caries removal, local anaesthesia, or tooth preparation. When a large cavity is present, glass ionomer restorative cement (GC Gold Label 9) will be placed at its base without prior caries removal. The crown will be cemented with glass ionomer luting cement (Meron).
Procedure: Hall Technique with preformed stainless steel crown
Placement of a preformed stainless steel crown using the Hall technique, without caries removal, local anaesthesia, or tooth preparation. The crown will be cemented with glass ionomer luting cement.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Marginal adaptation
Tijdsspanne: 18 months after treatment
Marginal adaptation will be assessed using modified United States Public Health Service criteria: Alpha, continuous margin without a detectable gap; Bravo, minor discontinuity not requiring clinical intervention; and Charlie, marginal defect requiring repair or replacement. Alpha and Bravo will be considered clinically satisfactory, whereas Charlie will be considered a failure.
18 months after treatment
Retention
Tijdsspanne: 18 months after treatment
Retention will be classified as Alpha when the orthodontic band or stainless steel crown remains firmly cemented and functional, or Charlie when it is lost or dislodged and requires recementation or replacement. Alpha will be considered successful retention and Charlie a failure.
18 months after treatment
Presence of carious lesions
Tijdsspanne: 18 months after treatment
Carious lesions adjacent to the restoration margins will be assessed clinically and classified as Alpha when absent or Charlie when present. Alpha will be considered clinically satisfactory and Charlie a failure.
18 months after treatment

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Biofilm accumulation
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months
Biofilm accumulation will be assessed using the Silness and Löe Plaque Index, ranging from 0 to 3: 0, absence of biofilm; 1, thin biofilm film along the free gingival margin; 2, moderate accumulation within the gingival sulcus; and 3, abundant accumulation within the gingival sulcus. Lower scores indicate less biofilm accumulation.
Immediately after treatment and at 6, 12, and 18 months
Child-reported treatment acceptability
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after treatment
Acceptability will be assessed using a five-item questionnaire. Each item will be scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 20. The negatively worded item will be reverse-scored. Higher total scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.
Immediately after treatment
Caregiver-reported treatment acceptability
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after treatment
Acceptability will be assessed using a five-item questionnaire. Each item will be scored from 0 to 4, resulting in a total score ranging from 0 to 20. Higher total scores indicate greater treatment acceptability.
Immediately after treatment

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte

Publicaties en nuttige links

De persoon die verantwoordelijk is voor het invoeren van informatie over het onderzoek stelt deze publicaties vrijwillig ter beschikking. Dit kan gaan over alles wat met het onderzoek te maken heeft.

Algemene publicaties

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

3 november 2025

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

1 augustus 2028

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 juli 2029

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

5 september 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

5 september 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

11 september 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

15 september 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

10 september 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 september 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 8.054.527

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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