Immunomodulatory Effect of Probiotics on the Immunogenicity of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Male or female subject ≥ 20 to ≤ 65 years of age at the time signing informed consent form.
2. Body weight ≥50 kgs
3. Must be scheduling to receive a BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine
4. Being able to comply with the study protocol
5. Being able to independently provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Taking antibiotic at enrollment
2. Taking immunomodulatory (e.g., steroid) or anti-histamine drugs
3. Took pre- or probiotics within the past 30 days
4. Being to expected to take other probiotic supplement during the study period
5. Being expected to take antibiotic during the study period
6. A history of hypersensitivity or severe allergic reaction to any components of the probiotics or placebo supplement
7. Pregnant or breastfeeding
8. Having a severe immunocompromised disorder (e.g. HIV infection)
9. Solid organ or bone marrow transplant recipients
10. Major gastrointestinal surgery within 3 months before enrollment
11. Having severe active gastrointestinal conditions, including inflammatory bowel disease or diverticulitis
12. No self-reported symptoms of an upper airway infection with the past 2 weeks
13. A history of SARS-CoV-2 infection
14. Previously participated in investigational study involving SARS-CoV-2 vaccines or therapies