Effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Older Adults With Urinary Incontinence

Inclusion Criteria:

• Experience symptoms of urinary incontinence (including stress, urge, or mixed incontinence) as confirmed by clinical assessment or validated screening tools.
• Able to understand the study procedures and provide informed consent.
• Willing and able to comply with study requirements, including attending study visits, and completing questionnaires.
• Stable general medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, does not interfere with participation in the study.
• Not currently participating in another interventional clinical trial that could affect urinary incontinence outcomes.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Inability to provide informed consent due to severe cognitive impairment or dementia.
• Known allergy or hypersensitivity to any component of the Chinese herbal medicine formulation.
• Presence of severe, unstable, or uncontrolled medical conditions that may pose a safety risk or interfere with participation, as determined by the investigator.
• Active urinary tract infection at the time of screening (eligible for reconsideration after treatment if appropriate).
• Current use of treatments for urinary incontinence that cannot be safely maintained at a stable dose throughout the study period.
• Significant neurological or urological conditions that severely affect bladder function, unless stable and deemed appropriate by the investigator.
• Participation in another interventional clinical trial that could influence study outcomes or participant safety.
• Any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would compromise participant safety, study adherence, or data integrity.