Childhood Passive Smoking: Cohort Study of Cardiac Risk
研究概览
详细说明
BACKGROUND:
The adverse health effects of actively inhaled cigarette smoke include impaired pulmonary function, increased coronary and cerebrovascular disease, chronic pulmonary disease, and cancer. Infants and young children of smoking parents are at increased risk for lower respiratory tract infections and small airways disease than are children of non-smoking parents. What is less clear is how the oxygen transport system of the growing child is affected by the long-term exposure to and passive inhalation of cigarette smoke and if this exposure represents a risk for the subsequent development of atherosclerotic heart disease.
DESIGN NARRATIVE:
A sample of 300 pre-adolescent twin pairs was recruited from an established population-based twin study. The three cohorts of twins and their parents were initially evaluated in a cross-sectional study and then followed longitudinally for up to three years. In the initial testing cycle the following data were collected: genotype; general health; anthropometric measures; resting and exercise noninvasive evaluation of hemodynamic parameters including blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, left ventricular mass, and oxygen consumption; hematocrit and blood levels of 2,3-DPG, cotinine, thiocyanate, and erythropoietin; spirometric and pulmonary flow data; lipid levels. There were three follow-up exams. The availability of repeated measures of oxygen delivery and its determinants in twins and their parents permitted both a unique analysis of genetic and environmental factors during the process of developmental change and measurements of the risks of accelerated atherosclerotic/ischemic heart disease and of the development of reactive airway disease.
The following hypotheses were tested: genetic factors accounted for a significant proportion of the variation in the hematologic and cardiovascular determinants of systemic oxygen delivery; adaptive responses of the oxygen delivery system differed in the same individual before and after puberty; passive smoking in children was an incremental risk factor for the development of accelerated atherosclerotic/ischemic cardiovascular disease; passive smoking in children was a contributing factor in the development of reactive airway disease.
研究类型
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
合作者和调查者
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
- Moskowitz WB, Mosteller M, Schieken RM, Bossano R, Hewitt JK, Bodurtha JN, Segrest JP. Lipoprotein and oxygen transport alterations in passive smoking preadolescent children. The MCV Twin Study. Circulation. 1990 Feb;81(2):586-92. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.81.2.586.
- Schieken RM, Mosteller M, Goble MM, Moskowitz WB, Hewitt JK, Eaves LJ, Nance WE. Multivariate genetic analysis of blood pressure and body size. The Medical College of Virginia Twin Study. Circulation. 1992 Dec;86(6):1780-8. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.86.6.1780.
- Goble MM, Mosteller M, Moskowitz WB, Schieken RM. Sex differences in the determinants of left ventricular mass in childhood. The Medical College of Virginia Twin Study. Circulation. 1992 May;85(5):1661-5. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.85.5.1661.
- Newkumet KM, Goble MM, Young RB, Kaplowitz PB, Schieken RM. Altered blood pressure reactivity in adolescent diabetics. Pediatrics. 1994 Apr;93(4):616-21.
- Moskowitz WB, Mosteller M, Hewitt JK, Eaves LJ, Nance WE, Schieken RM. Univariate genetic analysis of oxygen transport regulation in children: the Medical College of Virginia Twin Study. Pediatr Res. 1993 Jun;33(6):645-8. doi: 10.1203/00006450-199306000-00022.
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始
研究完成
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (估计)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (估计)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
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