A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment Among College Students
研究概览
详细说明
Eating disorders (EDs) have the highest rate of mortality of any mental illness. ED age of onset coincides with the undergraduate years (ages 18-25). As such, colleges provide access to a large, epidemiologically vulnerable population and present a unique opportunity for intervention. On college campuses, 14% of female and 4% of male students screen positive for clinically significant EDs. An estimated 80% of these students do not receive treatment. Left untreated EDs typically become more severe and refractory to treatment. Help-seeking interventions typically focus on minimizing stigma, improving knowledge, and addressing other barriers emphasized by classic theories of health behavior. On the whole, these interventions have failed to increase treatment utilization for the vast majority of students with ED symptoms. Innovative approaches are urgently needed to narrow the ED treatment gap on college campuses.
The proposed study builds on the most comprehensive research to date on mental health service utilization in college populations, which the Principal Investigator of this study (PI) has developed with her faculty advisor. Findings reveal new insight into the ED treatment gap: students with untreated EDs report not seeking help for reasons such as lack of time, lack of perceived need, ambivalence about the severity of need, belief that the problem will resolve itself without treatment, and a desire to deal with issues "on my own." These reasons imply a lack of urgency but not necessarily a strong resistance to receiving treatment. In similar health contexts (e.g., for diet/exercise, use of preventative care), behavioral economic interventions have produced positive results by addressing several cognitive biases, including the default bias (individuals 'go with the flow' of preset options) and the sign effect (losses (negative outcomes) are substantially more psychologically costly than gains (positive outcomes)). The present intervention study addresses these biases in an effort to increase service use among undergraduate students with untreated ED symptoms (as identified in an online screen).
In a 12-week study, the study team is using a factorial design to test the effects of three intervention components: peer norming, default option, and sign effect. The intervention components are delivered via email messaging. To address the default bias, email messages reframe treatment use as an opt-out (as opposed to opt-in) behavior, thus nudging students to seek help. Students are able to check a box to opt out of receiving treatment linkage. Those who do not opt-out receive, without any purposeful action, continued assistance connecting to treatment. For the sign effect, messages emphasize the negative consequences of untreated EDs to engender urgency. Students in conditions with peer norming see how their levels of eating disorder symptoms (results from widely-used, validated measures included in the baseline survey) compare with average symptom levels among other undergraduates (with data taken from national surveys previously conducted by the study team). Follow-up data is being collected at weeks 6 and 12. Intervention components are operationalized in electronic messages delivered over 12-weeks (anticipated: January-May 2015).
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 阶段1
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Michigan
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Ann Arbor、Michigan、美国、48104
- University of Michigan
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New York
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Annandale-on-Hudson、New York、美国、12504
- Bard College
-
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North Carolina
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Boone、North Carolina、美国、28608
- Appalachian State University
-
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Pennsylvania
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Erie、Pennsylvania、美国、16546
- Mercyhurst University
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-
参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Undergraduate at participating university
- Untreated symptoms of an eating disorder (as identified in an online screen)
Exclusion Criteria:
- Less than 18 years of age
- Studying abroad during study period
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:卫生服务研究
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:阶乘赋值
- 屏蔽:单身的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
---|---|
实验性的:A (opt-out, loss, social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-out of receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the negative consequences (losses) of not seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-out, loss, social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:B (opt-out, gain, social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-out of receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the benefits of seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-out, gain, social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:C (opt-out, loss, no social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-out of receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages do not include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the negative consequences (losses) of not seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-out, loss, no social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:D (opt-out, gain, no social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-out of receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages do not include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the benefits of seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-out, gain, no social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:E (opt-in, loss, social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-in to receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the negative consequences (losses) of not seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-in, loss, social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:F (opt-in, gain, social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-in to receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the benefits of seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-in, gain, social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:G (opt-in, loss, no social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-in to receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages do not include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the negative consequences (losses) of not seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-in, loss, no social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
实验性的:H (opt-in, gain, no social norming)
Students in this intervention arm must opt-in to receiving linkage to eating disorder resources on their campus; messages do not include social norming (statistics comparing their rates of eating disorder symptoms to national averages on widely-used and clinically validated screening tools); and messages frame the benefits of seeking-help for current disordered eating symptoms.
The intervention ('A Novel Intervention Promoting Eating Disorder Treatment among College Students') is this version of the email messages (opt-in, gain, no social norming).
|
Online intervention designed to identify and increase help-seeking among undergraduates with previously undiagnosed/untreated eating disorders
|
研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
---|---|---|
Help-seeking behavior (Use of services (e.g., counseling/therapy) for eating and body image issues)
大体时间:12 weeks
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Use of services (e.g., counseling/therapy) for eating and body image issues
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12 weeks
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
---|---|---|
Predictors of help-seeking behavior (e.g., perceived need/urgency, knowledge, attitudes, intentions to seek help)
大体时间:12 weeks
|
Predictors of help-seeking behavior (e.g., perceived need/urgency, knowledge, attitudes, intentions to seek help)
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12 weeks
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Sarah K Lipson, MEd、University of Michigan
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (估计)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (估计)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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