Effects of Cognitive Training on Executive Functions and Decision-Making in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
Effects of a Short-Term Cognitive Training Programme on Executive Functions and On-Court Decision-Making Performance in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
研究概览
详细说明
Executive functions, including inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and attentional control, play an important role in sports requiring rapid perception and decision-making, such as volleyball. Although previous studies have shown that cognitive training can improve executive functions, evidence regarding the transfer of these improvements to sport-specific performance remains inconsistent.
The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to investigate the effects of a short-term tablet-based cognitive training program on executive functions and volleyball-specific on-court decision-making performance in adolescent female volleyball players.
Fifty licensed female volleyball players aged 12 to 14 years participated in the study. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group completed a four-week cognitive training program consisting of three supervised sessions per week (20-30 minutes per session) in addition to routine volleyball training. The control group continued routine volleyball training without additional cognitive training.
Primary assessments included executive function measures obtained using the Stroop Test, Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A), Go/No-Go Test, and 2-Back Test. Volleyball-specific decision-making performance was evaluated using a video-based temporal occlusion paradigm, with decision-making accuracy and response time recorded before and after the intervention.
The study aims to determine whether short-term cognitive training improves executive function performance (near transfer) and whether these cognitive improvements translate into enhanced sport-specific decision-making performance (far transfer) in adolescent female volleyball players.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Merkez
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Elâzığ、Merkez、土耳其（türkiye）、23200
- Firat University
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 孩子
接受健康志愿者
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female volleyball players aged 12 to 14 years.
- Licensed volleyball players with at least 1 year of playing experience.
- Regular participation in volleyball training during the previous 6 months.
- Written informed consent obtained from both participants and their parents/legal guardians.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of neurological or psychiatric disorders.
- Visual or hearing impairment that could affect cognitive testing.
- Serious musculoskeletal injury within the previous 6 months.
- Previous participation in a structured cognitive training program.
- Injury during the study period or incomplete participation in the assessment procedures.
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：预防
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：无（打开标签）
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的：Cognitive Training Group
Participants received a four-week tablet-based cognitive training program (20-30 minutes/session, three sessions/week) in addition to their routine volleyball training.
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A structured four-week tablet-based cognitive training program was administered three times per week for approximately 20-30 minutes per session.
The program included computerized exercises targeting inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, and processing speed using validated cognitive training applications.
Participants continued their routine volleyball training according to their regular training schedule.
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有源比较器：Control Group
Participants continued their routine volleyball training without additional cognitive training.
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Participants continued their routine volleyball training according to their regular training schedule.
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研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Stroop Interference Time
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in Stroop interference time, calculated as the difference between the mean reaction time under incongruent and neutral conditions, measured in milliseconds (ms) using the computerized Stroop Color and Word Test.
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in Trail Making Test-A Completion Time
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in the time required to complete the Trail Making Test-A, measured in seconds (s).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in Go/No-Go Reaction Time
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in mean reaction time during the computerized Go/No-Go Test, measured in milliseconds (ms) during correct Go responses.
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in 2-Back Accuracy
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in working memory accuracy during the computerized 2-Back Test, measured as percentage of correct responses (%).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in 2-Back Reaction Time
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in mean reaction time during correct responses in the computerized 2-Back Test, measured in milliseconds (ms).
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Baseline and Week 4
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Change in On-Court Decision-Making Accuracy
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in volleyball-specific decision-making accuracy assessed using a video-based temporal occlusion test, measured as the number of correct decisions (0-25).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in On-Court Decision-Making Response Time
大体时间：Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in volleyball-specific decision-making response time assessed using a video-based temporal occlusion test, measured in milliseconds (ms).
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Baseline and Week 4
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合作者和调查者
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
其他研究编号
- FU_MGBeydagi_Vole_B_2026/06-29
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
IPD 计划说明
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研究美国 FDA 监管的药品
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