Effects of Cognitive Training on Executive Functions and Decision-Making in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
Effects of a Short-Term Cognitive Training Programme on Executive Functions and On-Court Decision-Making Performance in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Descripción detallada
Executive functions, including inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, and attentional control, play an important role in sports requiring rapid perception and decision-making, such as volleyball. Although previous studies have shown that cognitive training can improve executive functions, evidence regarding the transfer of these improvements to sport-specific performance remains inconsistent.
The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to investigate the effects of a short-term tablet-based cognitive training program on executive functions and volleyball-specific on-court decision-making performance in adolescent female volleyball players.
Fifty licensed female volleyball players aged 12 to 14 years participated in the study. Participants were randomly allocated to an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group completed a four-week cognitive training program consisting of three supervised sessions per week (20-30 minutes per session) in addition to routine volleyball training. The control group continued routine volleyball training without additional cognitive training.
Primary assessments included executive function measures obtained using the Stroop Test, Trail Making Test-A (TMT-A), Go/No-Go Test, and 2-Back Test. Volleyball-specific decision-making performance was evaluated using a video-based temporal occlusion paradigm, with decision-making accuracy and response time recorded before and after the intervention.
The study aims to determine whether short-term cognitive training improves executive function performance (near transfer) and whether these cognitive improvements translate into enhanced sport-specific decision-making performance (far transfer) in adolescent female volleyball players.
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Actual)
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Merkez
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Elâzığ, Merkez, Turquía (Türkiye), 23200
- Firat University
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Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Niño
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female volleyball players aged 12 to 14 years.
- Licensed volleyball players with at least 1 year of playing experience.
- Regular participation in volleyball training during the previous 6 months.
- Written informed consent obtained from both participants and their parents/legal guardians.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of neurological or psychiatric disorders.
- Visual or hearing impairment that could affect cognitive testing.
- Serious musculoskeletal injury within the previous 6 months.
- Previous participation in a structured cognitive training program.
- Injury during the study period or incomplete participation in the assessment procedures.
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Prevención
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Ninguno (etiqueta abierta)
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / Tratamiento |
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Experimental: Cognitive Training Group
Participants received a four-week tablet-based cognitive training program (20-30 minutes/session, three sessions/week) in addition to their routine volleyball training.
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A structured four-week tablet-based cognitive training program was administered three times per week for approximately 20-30 minutes per session.
The program included computerized exercises targeting inhibitory control, working memory, cognitive flexibility, attention, and processing speed using validated cognitive training applications.
Participants continued their routine volleyball training according to their regular training schedule.
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Comparador activo: Control Group
Participants continued their routine volleyball training without additional cognitive training.
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Participants continued their routine volleyball training according to their regular training schedule.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Stroop Interference Time
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in Stroop interference time, calculated as the difference between the mean reaction time under incongruent and neutral conditions, measured in milliseconds (ms) using the computerized Stroop Color and Word Test.
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in Trail Making Test-A Completion Time
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in the time required to complete the Trail Making Test-A, measured in seconds (s).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in Go/No-Go Reaction Time
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in mean reaction time during the computerized Go/No-Go Test, measured in milliseconds (ms) during correct Go responses.
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in 2-Back Accuracy
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in working memory accuracy during the computerized 2-Back Test, measured as percentage of correct responses (%).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in 2-Back Reaction Time
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in mean reaction time during correct responses in the computerized 2-Back Test, measured in milliseconds (ms).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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Change in On-Court Decision-Making Accuracy
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in volleyball-specific decision-making accuracy assessed using a video-based temporal occlusion test, measured as the number of correct decisions (0-25).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Change in On-Court Decision-Making Response Time
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and Week 4
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Change from baseline to Week 4 in volleyball-specific decision-making response time assessed using a video-based temporal occlusion test, measured in milliseconds (ms).
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Baseline and Week 4
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Actual)
Finalización primaria (Actual)
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Palabras clave
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- FU_MGBeydagi_Vole_B_2026/06-29
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Descripción del plan IPD
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
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