Safety and Efficacy of Azilsartan Medoxomil in Participants With Mild to Moderate Hypertension

A Phase 2, Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Dose-Ranging Study of the Efficacy, Safety and Tolerability of TAK-491 in Subjects With Mild to Moderate Uncomplicated Essential Hypertension

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and tolerability of azilsartan medoxomil, once daily (QD), in individuals with hypertension.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hypertension
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Drug: Olmesartan; Drug: Placebo

Detailed Description

Hypertension affects approximately 50 million individuals in the United States. As the population ages, the prevalence of hypertension will continue to increase if broad and effective preventive measures are not implemented. Data from the Framingham Heart study suggest that the lifetime risk of developing hypertension among 55- to 65-year-old individuals is greater than 90%. According to the World Health Organization, hypertension is the most common attributable cause of preventable death in developed nations, as uncontrolled hypertension greatly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, and renal failure. Despite the availability of hypertension treatments, hypertension remains inadequately controlled; only about one third of patients continue to maintain control successfully. To help address these matters, the Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure proposes a more aggressive intervention to hypertension management with more potent antihypertensive agents and combination therapy.

Takeda Global Research & Development Center, Inc. is developing TAK-491 (azilsartan medoxomil) to treat mild to moderate essential hypertension. Azilsartan medoxomil is a prodrug that is rapidly hydrolyzed to the activity moiety, azilsartan, which is an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. This study is proposed to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of multiple doses of azilsartan medoxomil at five dose levels in subjects with mild to moderate uncomplicated essential hypertension.

Individuals who want to participate in this study will be required to provide written informed consent. Study participation is anticipated to be about 11 weeks. Multiple procedures will occur at each visit which may include fasting, blood collection, urine collection, vital signs including sitting and standing blood pressure and pulse, body height and weight, physical examinations, electrocardiogram Outside of the study center, participants will be required to wear an ambulatory blood pressure monitoring device at approximately 24 and 36 hour intervals.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 449
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Argentina
  • BA, Argentina
  • Cordoba, Argentina
  • Ushuaia, Argentina
• Mexico
  • Guadalajara, Jal, Mexico
  • Mexico, D.F., Mexico
  • Monterrey Nuevo Leon, Mexico
  • Morelia, Michoacan, Mexico
• Peru
  • Lima, Peru
• United States
  • Alabama
    • Huntsville, Alabama, United States
    • Ozark, Alabama, United States
  • Arizona
    • Mesa, Arizona, United States
  • Arkansas
    • Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
  • California
    • Carmichael, California, United States
    • Long Beach, California, United States
    • San Diego, California, United States
    • Tustin, California, United States
  • Colorado
    • Denver, Colorado, United States
  • Connecticut
    • Stamford, Connecticut, United States
    • Trumbull, Connecticut, United States
    • Waterbury, Connecticut, United States
  • Florida
    • Hollywood, Florida, United States
    • Jacksonville, Florida, United States
    • Melbourne, Florida, United States
    • Miami, Florida, United States
    • Pembroke Pines, Florida, United States
    • Pinellas Park, Florida, United States
  • Georgia
    • Atlanta, Georgia, United States
  • Indiana
    • Evansville, Indiana, United States
  • Kansas
    • Shawnee Mission, Kansas, United States
  • Maine
    • Auburn, Maine, United States
  • New Jersey
    • Trenton, New Jersey, United States
  • New York
    • Binghamtom, New York, United States
    • Rochester, New York, United States
  • North Carolina
    • Burlington, North Carolina, United States
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States
    • Concord, North Carolina, United States
    • Hickory, North Carolina, United States
    • Salisbury, North Carolina, United States
    • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States
  • Ohio
    • Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
    • Columbus, Ohio, United States
  • Oklahoma
    • Oklahoma, Oklahoma, United States
  • South Carolina
    • Anderson, South Carolina, United States
    • Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina, United States
    • Simpsonville, South Carolina, United States
  • Tennessee
    • Bristol, Tennessee, United States
  • Texas
    • Austin, Texas, United States
    • Dallas, Texas, United States
    • Euless, Texas, United States
    • North Richland Hills, Texas, United States
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States
  • Washington
    • Lakewood, Washington, United States
    • Renton, Washington, United States
  • Wisconsin
    • Madison, Wisconsin, United States

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

1. Mild to moderate uncomplicated essential hypertension.
2. Females of childbearing potential who are sexually active must agree to use adequate contraception, and can neither be pregnant nor lactating from Screening throughout the duration of the study.
3. Must be in good health as determined by a physician.
4. The subject has clinical laboratory evaluations within the reference range for the testing laboratory unless the results are deemed not clinically significant by the investigator or sponsor.
5. The subject is willing to discontinue current antihypertensive medications at Screening Day minus 21.

Exclusion Criteria

1. Diastolic blood pressure less than 95 or greater than 114 mmHg at Placebo Run-in Day minus 14 or Randomization visit, or systolic blood pressure greater than 180 mm Hg.
2. Decrease of more than or equal to 8 mm Hg in clinic diastolic blood pressure between Placebo Run-in Day minus 14 and Randomization visit.
3. Has taken within 7 days prior to placebo run-in, or is expected to take medications known to affect blood pressure and is required to take or continues taking any disallowed medication, prescription medication, herbal treatment or over-the counter medication that may interfere with evaluation of the study medication, including:
4. Hypersensitive to angiotensin II receptor blockers.
5. History of an acute myocardial infarction within 12 months prior to Screening, history of coronary revascularization within 6 months prior to Screening, or any history of heart failure, post-myocardial infarction angina, hypertensive encephalopathy, cerebrovascular accident, or transient ischemic attack.
6. Clinically significant cardiac conduction defects (eg, 3rd degree atrioventricular block, left bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation or flutter).
7. Secondary hypertension of any etiology.
8. Upper arm circumference less than 24 or greater than 42 cm.
9. Works night (3rd) shift (defined as 11pm to 7am).
10. Non-compliant (less than 80%) with study medication during Placebo Run-in period.
11. Significant, moderate to severe renal dysfunction (confirmed by serum creatinine of greater than 2 mg per dl or disease (including renal artery stenosis or known nephrotic proteinuria).
12. History of drug abuse (defined as illicit drug use) or a history of alcohol abuse (defined as regular or daily consumption of more than 4 alcoholic drinks per day) within the past 2 years.
13. Previous history of cancer that has not been in remission for at least 5 years prior to the first dose of study drug. (This criterion does not include those subjects with basal cell or Stage 1 squamous cell carcinoma of the skin).
14. Type 1 or uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (confirmed by glycosylated hemoglobin greater than 9.5%).
15. Alanine transaminase level of greater than 2.5 times the upper limit of normal, active liver disease, or jaundice.
16. Currently is participating in another investigational study or has participated in an investigational study within 30 days prior to randomization.
17. Any other serious disease or condition at Screening (or randomization) that would compromise subject safety, might affect life expectancy, or make it difficult to successfully manage and follow the subject according to the protocol.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

7

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo QD	Drug: Placebo; Matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 20 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 5 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 10 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 80 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 40 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 5 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 10 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 80 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 80 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 5 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 10 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 80 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Active Comparator: Olmesartan 20 mg QD	Drug: Olmesartan; Olmesartan 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Benicar
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 5 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 5 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 10 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 80 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491
Experimental: Azilsartan Medoxomil 10 mg QD	Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 5 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 10 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 20 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 40 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491; Drug: Azilsartan Medoxomil; Azilsartan medoxomil 80 mg and comparator matching placebo tablets, orally, once daily for up to 8 weeks.; Other Names: Edarbi; TAK-491

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Sitting Clinic Diastolic Blood Pressure.	The change in sitting clinic diastolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 8 relative to baseline. Diastolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting diastolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 8.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in Sitting Clinic Systolic Blood Pressure.	The change in sitting clinic systolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 8 relative to baseline. Systolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough sitting systolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 8
Change From Baseline in Standing Clinic Systolic Blood Pressure.	The change in standing clinic systolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 8 relative to baseline. Systolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough standing systolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in Standing Clinic Diastolic Blood Pressure.	The change in standing clinic diastolic blood pressure measured at final visit or week 8 relative to baseline. Diastolic blood pressure is the arithmetic mean of the 3 trough standing diastolic blood pressure measurements.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in 24-hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in 24-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded for 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in 24-hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in 24-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded for 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 12-hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 12-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded in the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 12-hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 12-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded in the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 10-12-hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 10 to 12-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 10-12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded after dosing during these 2 hours.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 10-12-hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 10 to 12-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 10-12-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded after dosing during these 2 hours.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the Trough (22-24-hr) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in trough mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The trough mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 22 to 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8
Change From Baseline in the Trough (22-24-hr) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in trough mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The trough mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 22 to 24 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in Daytime (6am to 10 pm) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in daytime (6am to 10pm) mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Daytime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 6 am and 10 pm.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in Daytime (6am to 10 pm) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in daytime (6am to 10pm) mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Daytime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 6 am and 10 pm.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the Nighttime (12 am to 6 am) Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in nighttime (12am to 6am) mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Nighttime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 12 am and 6 am.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the Nighttime (12 am to 6 am) Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in nighttime (12am to 6am) mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. Nighttime mean is the average of all measurements recorded between the hours of 12 am and 6 am.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 24-36-Hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 24-36-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to the 12-hour mean measured at baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-36-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 24 to 36 hours after dosing; the 12-hour mean is the average of the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 24-36-Hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 24-36-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to the 12-hour mean measured at baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-36-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 24 to 36 hours after dosing; the 12-hour mean is the average of the first 12 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.
Change From Baseline in the 34-36-Hour Mean Systolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 34-36-hour mean systolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to the 10-12-hour mean measured at baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-36-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 34 to 36 hours after dosing; the 10-12-hour mean is the average from these 2 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8
Change From Baseline in the 34-36-Hour Mean Diastolic Blood Pressure Measured by Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring.	The change in the 34-36-hour mean diastolic blood pressure measured at week 8 relative to the 10-12-hour mean measured at baseline. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring measures blood pressure at regular intervals throughout the day and night. The 24-36-hour mean is the average of all measurements recorded from 34 to 36 hours after dosing; the 10-12-hour mean is the average from these 2 hours after dosing.	Baseline and Week 8.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Takeda

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2006
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2006
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2006

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 7, 2006
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 7, 2006
• First Posted (Estimate): August 9, 2006

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 19, 2011
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 24, 2011
• Last Verified: March 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: hypertension; blood pressure; diastolic blood pressure; drug therapy
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Hypertension; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antihypertensive Agents; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; Olmesartan; Azilsartan medoxomil
• Other Study ID Numbers: 01-05-TL-491-005; U1111-1113-8783 (Registry Identifier: WHO)