T-Cell Replete Haploidentical Donor Hematopoietic Stem Cell Plus Natural Killer (NK) Cell Transplantation in Patients With Hematologic Malignancies Relapsed or Refractory Despite Previous Allogeneic Transplant

The primary aim of this protocol is to evaluate if the one-year survival is significantly improved in the group of patients who receive a T-cell replete haploidentical donor hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) with a novel reduced intensity conditioning regimen. Study population will consist of patients (21 years or under) with hematologic malignancies that have relapsed or are refractory after prior allogeneic transplant. Toxicity will be evaluated by the rate of transplant related mortality and the rates of moderate and severe graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) at day 100. The investigators will describe event-free, and disease-free survival at one year, as well as the rates of hematopoietic recovery and donor engraftment and study comprehensively immune reconstitution following T-cell replete haploidentical transplantation.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia; Chronic Myelocytic Leukemia; Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Acute Myelocytic Leukemia; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Hodgkin or Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: clofarabine; Drug: cytarabine; Drug: busulfan; Drug: Plerixafor; Drug: cyclophosphamide; Drug: antithymocyte globulin (rabbit); Biological: stem cells; Drug: Tacrolimus; Drug: mycophenolate mofetil

Detailed Description

Patients with refractory hematologic malignancies, including those who develop recurrent disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, have a dismal prognosis. Historically, both regimen-related mortality and disease recurrence have been significant causes of treatment failure in this heavily pre-treated patient population. Our institution has utilized mismatched family member (haploidentical) donors for these patients for a number of years for the following reasons: (1) Only 30% of patients have matched related donors available; (2) transplantation can be performed more rapidly since the time to unrelated donor transplantation averages 3 to 4 months; (3) no other curative treatment options are available. These therapeutic interventions have been largely successful given the dismal prognosis in this patient group; however disease recurrence remains the most significant cause of treatment failure. To provide maximum benefit for this challenging population, the goals of a therapeutic transplant protocol should include: (1) a conditioning regimen that is well tolerated, even in a heavily pre-treated population; but it should also provide substantial antileukemia effects, and (2) should establish rapid immune recovery such that the patient may benefit from graft versus leukemia effect and early protection from life threatening infections while also limiting dangerous and counter-productive graft versus host disease.

The primary aim of this protocol will be to evaluate if the one-year survival is significantly improved in the group of patients receiving T-cell replete haploidentical donor HCT with a novel clofarabine, cytarabine, busulfan, plerixafor, cyclophosphamide, and ATG based reduced intensity conditioning regimen whose hematologic malignancy has relapsed or is refractory after prior allogeneic transplant. Toxicity will be evaluated by the rate of transplant related mortality and the rates of moderate and severe graft versus host disease at day 100. The investigators will also describe event-free, and disease-free survival at one year, as well as the rates of hematopoietic recovery and donor engraftment. Additionally, the investigators will study comprehensively immune reconstitution following T-cell replete haploidentical transplantation.

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

• Evaluate if the one-year survival is significantly improved in a group of children receiving a therapeutic regimen for high-risk hematologic malignancy that is relapsed or refractory despite previous allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) using a novel reduced intensity conditioning and T-cell replete haploidentical donor hematopoietic stem cell plus NK cell transplantation.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

• Estimate the incidence of malignant relapse, event-free survival, and disease free survival (DFS) at one-year post-transplantation.
• Estimate incidence and severity of acute and chronic (GVHD).
• Estimate the rate of transplant related mortality (TRM) in the first 100 days after transplantation.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 34
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105
      • St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: No older than 21 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria - for transplant recipient:

• Age less than 21 years.

• One of the following hematologic malignancies that has relapsed or remains refractory after prior allogeneic HCT:

  • Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)
  • Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (including myeloid sarcoma)
  • Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), Hodgkin or non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
• Has a suitable single haplotype matched (≥ 3 of 6) family member donor.
• Does not have any other active malignancy other than the one for which this transplant is indicated.
• If prior central nervous system (CNS) leukemia, it must be treated and have no evidence of CNS disease
• Does not have current uncontrolled bacterial, fungal, or viral infection per the judgment of the principal investigator.

• Patient must fulfill pre-transplant evaluation:

  • Left ventricular ejection fraction greater than 40%, or shortening fraction greater than or equal to 25%.
  • Creatinine clearance or Glomerular Filtration Rate of ≥70 ml/min/1.73m^2.
  • Forced vital capacity (FVC) ≥ 40% of predicted value; or pulse oximetry ≥ 92% on room air if patient is unable to perform pulmonary function testing.
  • Karnofsky or Lansky (age-dependent) performance score ≥ 50.
  • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 times the upper limit of normal for age.
  • Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 3 times the upper limit of normal for age.
  • Not pregnant. If female with child bearing potential, must be confirmed by negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 14 days prior to enrollment.
  • Not breast feeding.
  • Does not have active acute bronchiolitis obliterans or bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia.

Inclusion Criteria - for donor:

• At least single haplotype matched (≥ 3 of 6) family member,
• At least 18 years of age.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative.
• Not pregnant as confirmed by negative serum or urine pregnancy test within 14 days prior to enrollment (if female).
• Not breast feeding.

• A suitable donor is identified as either:

  • Has completed the process of donor eligibility determination as outlined in 21 CFR 1271 and agency guidance; OR
  • Does not meet 21 CFR 1271 eligibility requirements, but has a declaration of urgent medical need completed by the principal investigator or physician sub-investigator per 21 CFR 1271.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Does not meet above inclusion criteria.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Treatment; All study participants. Interventions: clofarabine, cytarabine, busulfan, plerixafor, cyclophosphamide, antithymocyte globulin (rabbit), stem cells, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil

Drug: clofarabine; Given on Day -9 and Day -8 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: antineoplastic agent; Other Names: Clofarex; CAFdA; Clolar(TM); Cl-F-Ara-A; Drug: cytarabine; Given on Day -9 and Day -8 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: antineoplastic agent; Other Names: Ara-C; Drug: busulfan; Given on Day -7 and Day -6 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: antineoplastic agent; Other Names: Busulfex; Myleran(R); Drug: Plerixafor; Given on Day -7 and Day -6 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilizer; Other Names: AMD3100; Mozobil(R); Drug: cyclophosphamide; Given on Day -5 and Day +4 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent.; Other Names: Cytoxan; Drug: antithymocyte globulin (rabbit); Given on Day -4, Day -3, Day -2, and Day -1 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: immunosuppressive agent.; Other Names: Rabbit ATG; Rabbit Thymoglobulin(R); Biological: stem cells; Patients undergo T cell replete Hematopoietic stem cell infusion on Day 0 and Day +1. Patients undergo natural killer (NK) cell transplantation on day +6 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion).; Other Names: HSC infusion; Drug: Tacrolimus; Given on Day +11 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: immunosuppressive agent.; Other Names: FK506; Prograf(R); Protonic(R); Drug: mycophenolate mofetil; Given on Day +11 (Day 0 is first stem cell infusion). Drug class: immunosuppressive agent.; Other Names: MMF; CellCept(R)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
One-year Survival (OS)	Evaluate the number of participants alive at 1 year. The number of participants surviving to one-year post-transplantation is given.	One year post transplant

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of Malignant Relapse	Estimate the incidence of malignant relapse at one year post-transplant. The number of participants with malignant relapse or progressive disease is given. Relapse was evaluated using standard WHO criteria for each disease.	One year post transplantation.
Event-Free Survival (EFS)	Estimate the EFS at one-year post-transplantation. The event is defined as relapse or death due to any cause. The number of participants who were alive without relapse at one year post-transplant is reported.	one year post transplant
Disease-Free Survival (DFS)	Estimate the DFS at one-year post-transplantation. The event is defined as relapse or death due to relapse. The number of participants who did not relapse up to one year post transplant is reported.	one year post transplant
Incidence and Severity of Acute Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)	The number of participants with acute GVHD is given, organized by grade. Participants are graded on a scale from 1 to 4, with 1 being mild and 4 being severe.	100 days post transplant
Incidence and Severity of Chronic Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD)	The severity of chronic GVHD will be described. Chronic GVHD was evaluated using NIH Consensus Global Severity Scoring. The number of participants with chronic GVHD is given, organized by severity.	100 days post transplant
Number of Participants With Transplant Related Mortality (TRM)	The number of participants who died due to TRM in the first 100 days post-transplant is given.	100 days post transplant

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
• Collaborators: Assisi Foundation

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
• Clinical Trials Open at St. Jude

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2012
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 8, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 15, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): June 18, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 20, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 28, 2016
• Last Verified: December 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Hematologic malignancy; Hematopoietic cell transplant
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Lymphoproliferative Disorders; Lymphatic Diseases; Immunoproliferative Disorders; Neoplasms by Site; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Myeloproliferative Disorders; Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases; Leukemia, Lymphoid; Sarcoma; Neoplasms; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Hematologic Neoplasms; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive; Sarcoma, Myeloid; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Antitubercular Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Calcineurin Inhibitors; Cyclophosphamide; Clofarabine; Cytarabine; Tacrolimus; Mycophenolic Acid; Busulfan; Thymoglobulin; Antilymphocyte Serum; Plerixafor
• Other Study ID Numbers: HAP3R; NCI-2012-00554 (Registry Identifier: NCI Clinical Trial Registration Program)