- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03781765
Stimulant vs. Non-stimulant Treatments and Reward Processing in Drug-naive Youth at SUD Risk (MPH-ATX)
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Longitudinal studies have shown that childhood Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and child disruptive behavior disorders play an important role in the development of later Substance Use Disorders (SUD). Although available evidence suggests that abnormal reward processing is likely to mediate vulnerability for addiction, the functioning of the brain reward systems in at-risk individuals preceding the exposure to drugs remains largely unknown. Better understanding the baseline characteristics of reward processing in drug-naïve individuals at risk for later SUD is an important initial step in refining our knowledge of the neurobiological basis of addiction. Reward processing in at-risk individuals may be further influenced by exposure to first-line treatments (e.g. methylphenidate (MPH)) for ADHD that also happen to be controlled substances.
Findings from animal research have raised the possibility that stimulants such as methylphenidate (MPH) may have "sensitization" effects - which prime the brain reward system for enhanced responding to the rewarding effects of abusable substances, whereas non-stimulants such as atomoxetine (ATX) may diminish drug self-administration. However, no studies have examined the purported different effects of stimulants vs. non-stimulants on the brain reward system utilizing a targeted biomarker approach linked to an a priori model, which focuses on intermediate phenotypes. Such research could provide important knowledge regarding the biological basis of addiction vulnerability and aid in the development of preventive interventions.
This proposal will provide pilot data for the hypotheses that stimulant and non-stimulant medications have differential effects on activation in the brain reward system in High Risk (HR) youth, and that differences activation will be related to changes in measures of reward sensitivity on psychometric tests. The study team believes that this protocol is uniquely innovative in its approach to study drug-naïve children at the highest levels of risk for SUD, thus providing an opportunity to delineate differential effects of medication treatment in relation to SUD risk. This research is also significant since it will be the first neuroimaging study to assess the biological correlates of the effects of stimulants on reward sensitivity in HR children, and especially in relation to purported changes in reward processing.
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Phase 4
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Beth Krone, PhD
- Phone Number: 212-241-8012
- Email: beth.krone@mssm.edu
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Jeffrey Newcorn, MD
Study Locations
-
-
New York
-
New York, New York, United States, 10029
- Recruiting
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
-
Contact:
- Beth Krone, PhD
- Phone Number: 212-241-8012
- Email: beth.krone@mssm.edu
-
Principal Investigator:
- Jeffrey Newcorn, MD
-
Principal Investigator:
- Iliyan Ivanov, MD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Pre-pubertal (e.g. Tanner stage 1 or 2)
- Age 7-12 inclusive
- Signed consent/assent
- Parent communicates sufficiently in English to provide informed consent and complete assessment instruments;
- ADHD as determined by computerized DISC (C-DISC) parent interview
- ADHD-Rating Scale-5 total score (interview with parent )
- SNAP ADHD total score (teacher) of 1.5 SD > age/sex norms
- CD or severe ODD: CD or ODD + 2 symptoms of CD on C-DISC
- SNAP ODD/CD subscale (parent and teacher) 1.5 SD > age/sex norms
Exclusion Criteria:
- Major neurological/medical illness
- History of head injury
- Fetal exposure to alcohol/drugs
- Diagnosis of major psychiatric disorder (e.g., schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, major depression, generalized anxiety, social phobia, Tourette's Disorder, PTSD, autism spectrum disorder)
- Current suicidal ideation or past history of suicide attempt
- Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI)75 score <75
- Prior or current treatment with stimulants (prior or current treatment with non-stimulants is permitted, but participants must be off medication for 2 weeks at baseline)
- Current or past alcohol/drug use (DISC interview; urine toxicology)
- Psychological or medical condition which precludes being in the scanner (e.g., claustrophobia, morbid obesity)
- Metal in the body that cannot be removed (e.g., braces, metal plate)
- Visual disturbances that may impair task performance
- Precocious puberty (e.g. Tanner stage >2) or pregnancy
Notes:
- History of SUD in a 1st degree relative is permitted, and is expected in ~1/2 of the subjects
- Ongoing psychosocial treatment is allowed but should not be initiated during the study
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Basic Science
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: Methylphenidate
0.5 mg/kg for 1 week and 1 mg/kg for 2 weeks
|
stimulant medication
Other Names:
|
Active Comparator: Atomoxetine
0.5 mg/kg for 1 week and 1 mg/kg for 2 weeks
|
non-stimulant medication
Other Names:
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
fMRI Measure
Time Frame: 3 Weeks
|
Bold activation change within the reward system (e.g., ventral striatum, insula and orbitofrontal cortex)
|
3 Weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Iliyan Ivanov, MD, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Mental Disorders
- Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Adrenergic Agents
- Neurotransmitter Agents
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors
- Membrane Transport Modulators
- Dopamine Agents
- Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors
- Central Nervous System Stimulants
- Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors
- Methylphenidate
- Atomoxetine Hydrochloride
Other Study ID Numbers
- GCO 17-0423
- 1R21DA045218-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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