Clinical Research for Azacitidine Combined With Low-dose Dasatinib in Maintenance Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia

April 21, 2022 updated by: Bei Liu, LanZhou University
This project is a prospective, single-center study to evaluate the efficacy, safety and related mechanisms of azacitidine combined with low-dose dasatinib in maintenance therapy in patients with intermediate and high-risk acute myeloid leukemia(AML). The patients were randomly divided into azacitidine group and azacitidine combined with low-dose dasatinib group. The overall survival and disease-free survival were taken as the main end points, and the mortality and recurrence rate were taken as the secondary end points, meanwhile, the incidence of adverse events were evaluated. At the same time, the mRNA expressions of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b), tumor suppressor genes (TP53, P15, P16, P21, CDH1, DOK6, SHP1, PTPN11) and differentiation genes (pu.1, C/EBP α, C/EBP β) were detected. Pyrophosphate sequencing was used to detect the methylation level of the promoter region of these tumor suppressor genes. Western Blot was used to detect apoptosis proteins (caspase3, caspase8) and phosphorylated proteins (pSTAT3, pSTAT5, pAKT). The proportion of apoptotic population of bone marrow cells was determined by flow cytometry. Therefore, the data in this study will reflect the efficacy and safety of azacitidine or azacitidine combined with low-dose dasatinib in real-world maintenance therapy in patients with medium and high-risk AML.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

In addition to studying the overall survival, disease-free survival and recurrence rates, mortality and incidence of adverse events of patients treated with azacitidine or azacitidine combined with low-dose dasatinib, we will also study its related mechanisms. One of the pathogenesis of AML is that abnormal DNA methylation makes the cell cycle out of control and carcinogenesis by inhibiting the expression of tumor suppressor genes. In addition, the abnormal activation of tyrosine kinase signal pathway also promotes the development of leukemia. Azacitidine, the hypomethylating agents, can not only inhibit the DNA methyltransferase family, but also activate tumor suppressor genes to inhibit a variety of tyrosine kinase signaling pathways, including JAK-STAT. NaShen et al have directly demonstrated that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can not only inhibit the abnormal activation of tyrosine kinase pathway, but also reduce DNA methylation. This study found that the combination of the second generation TKIs and hypomethylating agents can reduce has a synergistic effect on promoting apoptosis and reducing DNA methylation. In addition, TKIs often produces drug resistance due to long exposure time, and the main mechanisms of drug resistance is due to DNA methylation and abnormal reactivation of tyrosine kinase signal pathway. The combination of TKI and azacitidine reduces DNA methylation and inhibits the reactivation of abnormal tyrosine kinase signal pathway, which is helpful to improve TKI drug resistance. Based on the above theory, we assume that patients treated with azacitidine and dasatinib may have more obvious demethylation effect, increased expression of tumor suppressive genes, more obvious apoptosis, and inhibition of phosphorylated protein expression.So we did the lab tests of these mechanisms.We innovatively used azacitidine and TKIs in the treatment of patients with AML maintenance, in order to reduce drug toxicity, enhance drug efficacy, improve patient prognosis and reduce the financial burden of patients.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

30

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

  • China
    • Gansu
      • Lanzhou, Gansu, China, 730000
        • Recruiting
        • The First Hospital of Lanzhou University
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Long Zhao
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Haizhen Ma
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Juan Cheng, MD
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bei Liu, MD
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Jinli Jian
        • Sub-Investigator:
          • Hao Zhang

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with intermediate and high-risk AML who are diagnosed according to the 2016 WHO guidelines, aged ≥18 years;
  2. Detect minimal residual disease(-) after induction therapy and consolidation therapy;
  3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status score 0-2;

  4. The heart, pulmonary, liver and kidneys have sufficient organ functions:

    1. Cardiac color doppler ultrasound shows cardiac ejection fraction> 50%, heart function classification NYHA III/IV, no heart block or arrhythmia;
    2. Patients without severe restrictive/obstructive pulmonary disease;
    3. Liver function: total bilirubin (TBIL) < 2 times the upper limit of normal, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) <2.5 times the upper limit of normal;
    4. Renal function: serum creatinine (Cr) < 1.5 times the upper limit of normal.
  5. The patient and family members agree and sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with malignant tumors of other organs;

  2. HCV positive; or HIV positive; or one of the following HBV test results:

    1. HBsAg positive;
    2. HBsAg negative, HBcAb positive and HBV DNA titer positive;
  3. Pregnant and lactating women, and patients who have family planning during the enrollment period;
  4. Patients considered to be unsuitable for enrollment by the investigator.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: experimental group
Patients with intermediate and high risk AML were negative for minimal residual disease after intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy,the patients were randomly divided into two groups, and one group was given azacitidine(75mg/m2, per day on day 1-7]. Dasatinib 100 mg p.o. qd was administered on days 1-28 of each consolidation cycle.
Drug: Azacitidine
Azacitidine, 75mg/m2,d1-7;Treatment cycles every 28 days
Drug: Dasatinib
dasatinib,20mg,po,qd,treatment cycles every 28 days
Active Comparator: control group
Patients with intermediate and high risk AML were negative for minimal residual disease after intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy,the patients were randomly divided into two groups, and the other group was given azacitidine(75mg/m2, per day on day 1-7)on days 1-28 of each consolidation cycle.
Drug: Azacitidine
Azacitidine, 75mg/m2,d1-7;Treatment cycles every 28 days

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
overall survival
Time Frame: up to 30 months.
OS is defined as the time from the date of enrollment until the date of death from any cause.
up to 30 months.
disease-free survival
Time Frame: up to 30 months.
Event-free survival is defined as the time from enrollment until documented refractory disease, relapse after complete remission(CR) or CR with incomplete recovery of blood counts(CRi), or death from any cause.
up to 30 months.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
mortality
Time Frame: mortality rate at 30 months.
The proportion of patients from enrollment to death was recorded.
mortality rate at 30 months.
recurrence rate
Time Frame: recurrence rate at 30 months.
Record the proportion of patients with recurrence in the study.
recurrence rate at 30 months.
adverse events
Time Frame: Adverse events were assessed weekly during the first and second cycles, and every two cycles thereafter (each cycle is 28 days), up to 30 months.
Number of participants with treatment-related adverse events as assessed by CTCAE v5.0.
Adverse events were assessed weekly during the first and second cycles, and every two cycles thereafter (each cycle is 28 days), up to 30 months.
apoptotic protein and phosphorylated protein
Time Frame: once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
The relative expression of apoptotic protein(caspase3, caspase8) and phosphorylated protein(pSTAT3, pSTAT5, pAKT) were detected by western blot with bone marrow aspirate.
once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
DNA methyltransferase, tumor suppressor genes and differentiation genes
Time Frame: once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
To detect the mRNA expression of DNA methyltransferase(DNMT1, DNMT3a, DNMT3b), tumor suppressor genes(TP53,P15, P16, P21, CDH1, DOK6, SHP1, PTPN11) and differentiation gene(pu.1, C/EBPα, C/EBPβ) with bone marrow aspirate by Q-PCR.
once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
methylation level in the promoter region of some tumor suppressor genes.
Time Frame: once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
Detection of methylation level in the promoter region of the above tumor suppressor genes by pyrophosphate sequencing using patient bone marrow aspirate.
once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
Percentage of bone marrow cell apoptosis population
Time Frame: once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.
The percentage of apoptotic population of bone marrow cells was determined by flow cytometry.
once before enrollment and once after the completion of the study, up to 30 months.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

LanZhou University

Collaborators

Beijing Health Alliance Charitable Foundation

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

November 13, 2021

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

September 1, 2023

Study Completion (Anticipated)

December 15, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 1, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 6, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

September 13, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 25, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 21, 2022

Last Verified

April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • AZALDDASA3
  • ChiCTR2100042418 (Registry Identifier: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

After the completion of the clinical trial, we will choose whether to disclose the result according to the relevant regulations of the Chinese Genetic Office.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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