The Effects of Virtual Reality/ Augmented Reality Usage on Oral Care Knowledge in Nursing Students

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality usage on oral care knowledge in nursing students. The participants were randomly assigned to virtual-reality experimental and control groups. The students in experimental group received a 30 minutes virtual reality (VR) training for elderly oral health care at the second week and the fourth week after the first time survey. All students self-administrated questionnaire three times at first date of consent form signed, immediately after each of the intervention for period of two weeks. Linear regression in generalized estimating equations (GEE) compare the differences between both groups.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Virtual Reality; Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Oral Care
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Virtual Reality Usage on Oral Care Knowledge

Detailed Description

A total of 50 first-year to third-year undergraduate nursing students were included from the Department of Nursing, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan. The students were randomly assigned divided at random into two groups, control (n = 25) and experimental (n = 25).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 50
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Kaohsiung, Taiwan
    • Kaohsiung Medical University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. undergraduate freshman, sophomore, and junior nursing students
2. those volunteered to participate in this study

Exclusion Criteria:

1. students with known negative effects of using VR devices, such as nausea, vomiting, etc.
2. those under 20 years of age who had not obtained the consent of a legal representative to participate in this study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Virtual Reality group; Each participant in the experimental group received a 30 minutes of individualized VR-based simulation education in a dedicated oral skills training room.	Other: Virtual Reality Usage on Oral Care Knowledge; Virtual Reality Usage on Oral Care Knowledge about independent older adults
No Intervention: Control group; The control group only received repeated questionnaires and did not receive any education about geriatric oral hygiene.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Knowledge of geriatric oral hygiene scale	There were 10 items to evaluate the participants' knowledge of the geriatric oral hygiene scale Each item had three response options: true, false, and unknown. The total score ranged from 0 to 10 and a higher score indicated a higher level of knowledge of geriatric oral hygiene.	through study completion, an average of 4 weeks
Attitudes of geriatric oral hygiene scale	The attitudes of geriatric oral hygiene scale included seven items. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The total score ranged from 5 to 35 and a higher score indicated a positive attitude toward geriatric oral hygiene.	through study completion, an average of 4 weeks
Self-efficacy of geriatric oral hygiene scale	The self-efficacy of geriatric oral hygiene scale included ten items. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree) and the higher score was for a higher level of self-efficacy of geriatric oral hygiene, vise versa. The total score ranged from 5 to 50.	through study completion, an average of 4 weeks
Behavioral intention of geriatric oral hygiene scale	The behavioral intention scale of the geriatric oral hygiene included ten items. Each item was scored on a five-point Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), with a higher score indicated a higher level of the behavioral intention of geriatric oral hygiene. The total score ranged from 5 to 50.	through study completion, an average of 4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Kaohsiung Medical University Chung-Ho Memorial Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Pei-Chao Lin, Kaohsiung Medical University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 23, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 19, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): November 12, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 30, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 9, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): February 21, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 21, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 9, 2022
• Last Verified: December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: KMUHIRB-SV(II)-20200062

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No