Nitrate and Power Output After Two Beetroot Juice Drinks

Plasma and Salivary Nitrate/Nitrite Responses and Power Output Compared After Two Beetroot Juice Drinks

The main aim of this study is to determine and compare the optimal time to achieve peak concentration of blood plasma nitrite after ingestion of beetroot juice (BR) and isotonic beetroot juice (ISO-CB), respectively. Optimal timing of drink consumption in relation to exercise can then be prescribed in relation to nitrite appearance in the blood. A randomised controlled trial with participants completing two conditions: (i) BR and (ii) ISO-CB. On each condition participants will consume During each trial, participants will ingest 2 x 285ml of beverage 3 hours prior to performing two jump tests follow by a Wingate test. Salivary NO content will be measured at the start of the morning, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours after consumption of beverage and at the end of the exercise.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Blood Plasma Nitrite
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink; Dietary supplement: Beetroot juice drink

Detailed Description

1. The main aim of this study is to determine and compare the optimal time to achieve peak concentration of blood plasma nitrite after ingestion of beetroot juice (BR) and isotonic beetroot juice (ISO-CB), respectively. Optimal timing of drink consumption in relation to exercise can then be prescribed in relation to nitrite appearance in the blood.
2. A secondary aim of this study is to evaluate the association between blood plasma nitrite concentration and saliva nitrite concentration after ingestion of the two drinks to determine whether blood plasma analysis can be fully or partially substituted with a salivary nitrite test.
3. A final aim of this study is to investigate the ergogenic effects of ISO-CB compared with BR during a single 30 second cycling sprint bout (Wingate test) and two jumping tests.

A randomised controlled trial recruiting 24 healthy male and female participants. Each participant will complete two conditions: (i) BR and (ii) ISO-CB. On each condition participants will consume During each trial, participants will ingest 2 x 285ml of beverage 3 hours prior to performing two jump tests follow by a Wingate test. In the next trial, participants will undergo the same procedures, but ingest the beverage that they did not take the previous round. The study will be double-blinded study. Blood samples will be taken before supplementation, 2 hours and 3 hours after consuming the beverage. Salivary NO content will be measured at the start of the morning, 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours after consumption of beverage and at the end of the exercise. For each trial, participants will also fill out a sensory evaluation form in relation to the drink consumed. It is hypothesized that blood plasma nitrite and saliva nitrite appearance will be earlier with ISO-CB and that participants will have improved peak and mean power when ISO-CB is consumed compared with BR.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 28
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Singapore
  • Singapore, Singapore, 637616
    • Human Bioenergetics Laboratory, National Institute of Education, Nanyang Technological University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age: 21-35 years.
2. Healthy and injury-free: defined as no positive (Yes) answers to the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q+) and not reporting any other health issues that may be affected by exercise.
3. Blood pressure: <130/90 mmHg.
4. Physically active: Engaging in a minimum of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity each week determined via self-report Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ).
5. Body mass index (BMI): 18.5-25.0 kg/m2.
6. Non-smoker.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Any allergies to beetroot or isotonic drink.
2. Asthma.
3. Any report of personal health issues that may compromise the individual's ability to undertake exercise safely.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group A; Isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink	Dietary supplement: Isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink; An isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink containing 141 mg nitrate per 100 ml (12.9 mmol). Total of 570 ml serving in two doses of 285 ml over one morning. Contains 6.2 g carbohydrate per 100 ml. Osmolality 304-310 mOsm/kg.; Other Names: ISO-CB; Dietary supplement: Beetroot juice drink; A beetroot juice drink containing 141 mg nitrate per 100 ml (12.9 mmol). Total of 570 ml serving in two doses of 285 ml over one morning. Contains 6.1 g carbohydrate per 100 ml. Osmolality 390-410 mOsm/kg.; Other Names: BR
Experimental: Group B; Beetroot juice drink	Dietary supplement: Isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink; An isotonic carbohydrate beetroot juice drink containing 141 mg nitrate per 100 ml (12.9 mmol). Total of 570 ml serving in two doses of 285 ml over one morning. Contains 6.2 g carbohydrate per 100 ml. Osmolality 304-310 mOsm/kg.; Other Names: ISO-CB; Dietary supplement: Beetroot juice drink; A beetroot juice drink containing 141 mg nitrate per 100 ml (12.9 mmol). Total of 570 ml serving in two doses of 285 ml over one morning. Contains 6.1 g carbohydrate per 100 ml. Osmolality 390-410 mOsm/kg.; Other Names: BR

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Blood plasma nitrite	Peak concentration of blood plasma nitrite	3 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Salivary nitrite	Salivary nitrite concentration	3 hours
Power output	Peak and mean power output	30 seconds
Jump height and distance	Jump height and distance	Two jumps averaged

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Nanyang Technological University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Stephen Burns, PhD, Nanyang Technological University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 10, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): October 10, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 6, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 6, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): July 11, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 9, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 7, 2024
• Last Verified: April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: IRB-2022-149

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No