Exploratory Trial in Healthy Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment,16-week Intervention With Mitocholine™

A Randomised, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group Study in Otherwise Healthy Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Assessing a 16-week Intervention With Mitocholine™, a Functional Food Ingredient

To evaluate the effect of 16-weeks consumption of Mitocholine on Executive Function and Homocysteine levels in a population experiencing Mild Cognitive Impairment. The study will also include measures of memory, language, S-adenosylmethionone (SAM), Betaine, Choline.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Mild Cognitive Impairment
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Mitocholine™ or Placebo

Detailed Description

A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study in otherwise healthy adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI).

Assessing a 16-week intervention with Mitocholine™, a functional food ingredient to evaluate the effect of 16-weeks consumption of Mitocholine on Executive Function and Homocysteine levels in a population experiencing Mild Cognitive Impairment.

The primary hypotheses being that there will be a significant change in Executive Function scores as measured by Delis Kaplan Executive Function Score (DKEFS) and in homocysteine levels.

The study will also include measures of memory, language, S-adenosylmethionone (SAM), Betaine, Choline.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 100
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Ireland
  • Munster
    • Cork, Munster, Ireland, T23R50R
      • Atlantia Clinical Trials

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 55 years to 79 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Willing to participate in the study and comply with its procedures.
2. Able to give written informed consent.
3. Adults aged 55 to 79 years, inclusive.

4. Meet MCI criteria, based on the Peterson criteria (Peterson et al., 1999):

   1. Objective evidence of cognitive impairment as assessed by MoCA (score ≥18 to ≤25).
   2. Absence of major depression as assessed by PHQ (score <10).

   3. Activities of daily living score

      • males ≥4
      • females ≥7
5. Have a homocysteine level ≥11.0μmol/L (Smith D et al, 2018).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Diagnosis of a major cognitive disorder (e.g. Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease diagnoses; additionally, confirmation of a mini stroke (TIA) within the last 3 months would be an exclusionary condition).
2. Participants who are pregnant or wish to become pregnant during the trial.
3. Participants who are lactating and/or currently breastfeeding.
4. Participants currently of childbearing potential, but not using an effective method of contraception, as determined by the investigator.
5. Participants with active or a history of alcohol or substance abuse; (exclude elevated Gamma GT & clinically abnormal liver function test).
6. Uncontrolled diabetes (or glycated haemoglobin >7% / 53 mmol/mol).
7. Clinically significant heart, liver, or renal disease (at the discretion of the investigator).
8. Have uncontrolled hypertension SBP > 160mmHg, DBP > 100mmHg).
9. Participants prescribed medications likely to influence memory or mood, as determined by the investigator.
10. Participants with a history of depression (within past 24 months) or any concurrent medical, cognitive or psychiatric condition that would either: compromise his/her ability to comply with the study requirements, may pose significant risk to the participant, or be deemed exclusionary by the investigator
11. Have had any other condition or are taking a medication that the investigator believes would interfere with the objectives of the study, pose a safety risk, or confound the interpretation of the study results.
12. Change in supplements, medication, or major diet in 30 days prior to enrolment and throughout the study.
13. Taking any supplements or vitamins notably known to affect cognitive function (e.g. Living Nutrition Cognitive, Viridian Cognitive Complex, ginkgo biloba, fish oil etc., list not exhaustive), or any psychotropic medications and products which interact with acetylcholine esterase and/or NMDA receptors (6-week washout before screening). Vitamin D and Calcium supplements permitted if on a stable dose for the previous 3 months.
14. Users of inhaled nicotine products such as cigarettes or vape products with an inconsistent recent history of consumption i.e., those who have taken up smoking/vaping in the 12 months prior to screening, or those who have either given up or re-started smoking or vaping in the 12 months prior to screening, or those who intend to significantly modify their use of inhaled nicotine products during their participation in the study.
15. Has received treatment involving experimental drugs in the past 3 months.
16. Have a malignant disease or any concomitant end-stage organ disease, which, in the Investigator's judgment, contraindicates participation in the study.
17. Individuals who, in the opinion of the investigator, are considered to be poor clinical attendees or unlikely for any reason to be able to comply with the trial.
18. Any Participant who is an employee of the study site or an Atlantia Clinical Trials employee or their close family member or a member of their household.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Mitocholine™; Mitocholine™ is a novel formulation of three nutrients choline, succinic acid, and nicotinamide (a vitamin B3)	Dietary supplement: Mitocholine™ or Placebo; Participants will be instructed to consume one bottle of study product daily for the duration of the trial (16 weeks). They will be instructed to consume the product in the morning with breakfast.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; The Placebo product will be identical in appearance and taste to the investigational product	Dietary supplement: Mitocholine™ or Placebo; Participants will be instructed to consume one bottle of study product daily for the duration of the trial (16 weeks). They will be instructed to consume the product in the morning with breakfast.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Absolute change in Homocysteine levels in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group.	Assessed by serum Homocysteine levels (umol/L)	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Absolute change in Executive Function Score in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group.	Assessed by the verbal fluency, colour-word interference and trail making tests in the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System (Composite Score)	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Memory outcomes (visual memory) in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by a Paired Associated Learning Task	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in Memory outcomes (episodic memory) in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by a Word Recall Task	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in S-adenosylmethionone (SAM) levels in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by S-adenosylmethionone (SAM) in blood	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in Betaine levels in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by Betine in blood	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in Choline levels in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by Choline in blood	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in Language outcomes in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group	Assessed by the Boston Naming Test (spontaneous responses and total correct responses)	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Change in individual verbal and non-verbal Executive Function Scores in the Mitocholine group compared to the Placebo group.	Assessed by individual tests within the DKEFS battery	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on blood markers of insulin sensitivity	Assessed by Glucose levels	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on blood markers of insulin sensitivity	Assessed by insulin levels	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on C-reactive protein level	Assessed by hsCRP	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on blood biomarker	Assessed by Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF)	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on cortisol levels	Assessed by Cortisol	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on blood marker of insulin sensitivity	Assessed by Fructosamine	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the perception of Mitocholine following consumption	Study product questionnaire	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)
Evaluate the effect of consumption of Mitocholine on genetic biomarkers of metabolic health	Assessed by apolipoprotein E4	Baseline to end of intervention (week 16)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mitocholine Ltd
• Collaborators: Atlantia Food Clinical Trials
• Investigators: Study Director: Steve Morrison, Mitocholine Ltd; Study Director: Marie-Claire Fichot, Mitocholine Ltd

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 9, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 16, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): August 31, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 6, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 17, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): January 19, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 18, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 17, 2026
• Last Verified: August 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Neurocognitive Disorders; Cognition Disorders; Cognitive Dysfunction
• Other Study ID Numbers: AFCRO-155

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No