Acute Effects of Various Aerobic Exercise in Allergic Rhinitis.

Acute Effects of Various Aerobic Exercise on Rhinitis Symptoms in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

This study was to investigate the comparison among acute effects of various aerobic exercise on symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Allergic Rhinitis
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Running; Other: Cycling; Other: Swimming

Detailed Description

Fifteen patients with allergic rhinitis aged 18 - 45 years old. The experiment was a crossover design in which each participant was given three types of exercise: running, cycling, and swimming. The participant perform moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes/time. Physiological variables, lung function variables, allergic rhinitis symptoms variables, and cytokines level in nasal secretion variables were analyzed during pre-and post-exercise. The dependent variables between pre-test and post-test were analyzed by a paired t-test. The dependent variables between groups were analyzed by independent t-test. One way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare the variables among exercise. Differences were considered to be significant at p < 0.05.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 15
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Thailand
  • Bangkok
    • Pathum Wan, Bangkok, Thailand, 10330
      • Faculty of Sports Science, Chulalongkorn University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 45 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Clinical diagnosis of allergic rhinitis diseases
• Clinical symptoms of persistent rhinitis (nasal congestion, sneeze, nasal itching, and running nose) for more than 4 days per week.
• Positive skin prick test (wheal diameter>3 mm.) to house dust mite (D. pteronyssinus) and using normal saline as the negative control.
• Stopped taking all medicine before the study such as antihistamine for at least 3 days, oral steroid and nasal steroid for at least 2 weeks and luekotriene receptor antagonist for at least a week prior to the study, but the patients could take pseudo ephedrine.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Asthma, Chronic rhino-sinusitis, Hypertension, Cardiovascular diseases
• A smoking habit

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Running; Running on treadmill in moderate intensity for 30 minutes	Other: Running; The participant perform running on treadmill at moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes/time. Physiological variables, lung function variables, allergic rhinitis symptoms variables, and cytokines level in nasal secretion variables were analyzed during pre-and post-exercise.
Experimental: Cycling; Cycling on ergometer in moderate intensity for 30 minutes	Other: Cycling; The participant perform cycling on cycle ergometer at moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes/time. Physiological variables, lung function variables, allergic rhinitis symptoms variables, and cytokines level in nasal secretion variables were analyzed during pre-and post-exercise.
Experimental: Swimming; Swimming in moderate in tensity for 30 minutes	Other: Swimming; The participant perform swimming at moderate intensity exercise 30 minutes/time. Physiological variables, lung function variables, allergic rhinitis symptoms variables, and cytokines level in nasal secretion variables were analyzed during pre-and post-exercise.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Rhinitis symptom scores change	Nasal symptoms were assessed using Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) questionnaire. The subjects were asked to score symptoms of persistent allergic rhinitis before and after yoga training protocol. The total nasal symptom scores were computed as the sum of four individual nasal symptom scores; nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea. The scores ranged from 0 to 3 scale (0=none, 1=mild, 2=moderate, 3= severe)	Change after each exercise immediately
Cytokine in nasal secretion change	Nasal secretions collection was performed bilaterally with filter paper strips (7x30 mm Whatman No.42, Whatman, Clifton, NJ). Three filter paper strips were sequentially placed on each anterior portion of the inferior turbinate for 10 min. This filter paper strips were collected into appropriate tubes and centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 5 min at 4 °C and immediately frozen at -70 °C until later analysis.The levels of cytokines were determined by using Sandwich ELISA technique	Change after each exercise immediately

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pulmonary functions change	The participants were asked to wear a nose clip while sitting on a chair, and the researcher gave the participants the step-by-step protocol to prevent an incorrect maneuver. For the FVC maneuver, three cycles of slow normal breathing were performed before demonstrating forced inspiration and expiration.	Change after each exercise immediately
Respiratory muscle strength change	Respiratory muscle strength was assessed by measuring Maximal Inspiratory Pressure (MIP) and Maximal Expiratory Pressure (MEP) in cmH2O. The participants were in a sitting position using a portable handheld mouth pressure meter (i.e., MicroRPM) with a nose clip. For the MIP measurement, the participants were asked to exhale until they felt no air remaining in their lungs (starting with the functional residual capacity [FRC] point), then held the device on their mouth and inhaled forcefully for 1-2 seconds. For the MEP measurement, the participants were asked to inhale until their lungs were completely filled with air (starting with the total lung capacity [TLC] point), then they kept the device on their mouth and exhaled forcefully for 1-2 seconds	Change after each exercise immediately
Peak nasal inspiratory flow change	The subjects placed a mask, which is turned onto a plastic cylinder through which the air passes during inspiration, over the nose and mouth and inspired forcefully through the nose, with lips tightly closed. Inside the cylinder, there is a diaphragm that moves to the airflow, and the maximum peak flow is registered in a scale range from 30-370 L/min. During the procedure, the subjects placed a mask over the nose and mouth and inspired forcefully through the nose, with lips tightly closed.	Change after each exercise immediately

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Chulalongkorn University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Aldred S, Love JA, Tonks LA, Stephens E, Jones DS, Blannin AK. The effect of steady state exercise on circulating human IgE and IgG in young healthy volunteers with known allergy. J Sci Med Sport. 2010 Jan;13(1):16-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2008.07.001. Epub 2008 Oct 31.
• Tongtako W, Klaewsongkram J, Jaronsukwimal N, Buranapraditkun S, Mickleborough TD, Suksom D. The effect of acute exhaustive and moderate intensity exercises on nasal cytokine secretion and clinical symptoms in allergic rhinitis patients. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol. 2012 Sep;30(3):185-92.
• Park J, Park JH, Park J, Choi J, Kim TH. Association between Allergic Rhinitis and Regular Physical Activity in Adults: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Aug 5;17(16):5662. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165662.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 15, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): December 20, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 12, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 21, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): February 1, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 5, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 2, 2023
• Last Verified: April 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Aerobic exercise; Cytokines; Rhinitis symptoms; Allergic rhinits
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Respiratory Hypersensitivity; Hypersensitivity; Nose Diseases; Rhinitis; Rhinitis, Allergic
• Other Study ID Numbers: EX PHYSIO SPSC 3

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No