Hybrid Closed Loop Therapy and Verapamil for Beta Cell Preservation in New Onset Type 1 Diabetes (CLVer): Extension Study (CLVerEx)

The purpose of this extension study is to continue to follow the participants who completed the CLVer RCT for up to 3 additional years. The goal for Cohort A is to evaluate the longer-term effects of verapamil on preservation of β-cell function as measured by C-peptide levels obtained during a mixed meal tolerance test (MMTT). For both Cohorts A and B, the goal is to determine if the high degree of glycemic control achieved during CLVer with HCL can be maintained once the intensive engagement of the study team is discontinued. At the completion of the RCT, study treatments end. Thus, during the extension study, diabetes management is performed as part of usual care and there is no study treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Type1 Diabetes

Detailed Description

Participants who complete the CLVer RCT will be eligible to enroll in the CLVer Extension Study. Informed consent and assent, when applicable, will be obtained. Participants will be contacted every 3 months at which time continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data will be obtained if a CGM device is being used and medical history (including recent point-of-care or local laboratory HbA1c values) will be reviewed; a usual care visit performed by study staff may be considered a study contact. A study visit will occur yearly to update the diabetes and medical history, measure height and weight, determine Tanner staging, download CGM data if available, perform an MMTT, and obtain blood samples for central lab measurement of HbA1c and plasma for storage if consented. Other than the central lab samples, there are no study-specific procedures or data collection that would not be performed as part of standard care.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 77

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Palo Alto, California, United States, 94304
      • Stanford University
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
      • Barbara Davis Center
  • Connecticut
    • New Haven, Connecticut, United States, 06511
      • Yale University
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
      • Indiana University
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
      • University of Minnesota
  • Missouri
    • Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64111
      • Children's Mercy Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Participants who complete the CLVer RCT 12 month visit. RCT participants were youth aged 7-<18 years at RCT screening with newly diagnosed stage 3 type 1 diabetes.

Description

Completed CLVer RCT 12 month visit and willing to join observational extension.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Cohort A; Participants with body weight ≥30 kg (Cohort A) were randomly assigned in a factorial design during the RCT to (1) HCL plus intensive diabetes management or usual care with no HCL and (2) verapamil or placebo. No interventions were administered during the observational extension.
Cohort B; Participants with body weight <30 kg (Cohort B) were randomly assigned during the RCT 2:1 in a parallel group design to HCL plus intensive diabetes management or to usual care with no HCL. No interventions were administered during the observational extension.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
C-peptide	The primary outcome is the C-peptide measured during the MMTT annually. This is measured as the area under the stimulated C-peptide curve (AUC). AUC is computed using a trapezoidal rule, which is a weighted sum of the C-peptide values over the 120 min. Peak C-peptide also will be computed.	Randomization, 13, 26, 39 weeks, Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
HbA1c	HbA1c outcomes, measured annually, will include the following: Mean HbA1c; Percentage of participants with an HbA1c <7.5%, <7.0% and <6.5%	Randomization, 13, 26, 39 weeks, Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4
CGM Metrics	CGM metrics will be computed for each time point of data collection. CGM-derived indices will be computed for 24 hours, daytime (6AM to midnight) and nighttime (midnight to 6AM). The Statistical Analysis Plan (SAP) will describe how CGM derived indices will be calculated. The following metrics will be computed: Mean glucose; Percentage of sensor glucose from 70 to 180 mg/dL; Percentage of sensor glucose >180 and >250 mg/dL; Percentage of sensor glucose <54 and <70 mg/dL; Coefficient of variation	6, 13, 26, 39 weeks, Year 1, Year 2, Year 3, Year 4
Severe hypoglycemia episodes	Frequency of episodes of severe hypoglycemia by cohort group.	Year 4
Diabetic ketoacidosis events	Frequency of episodes of diabetic ketoacidosis by cohort group.	Year 4
Hospitalizations	Frequency of hospitalizations by cohort group.	Year 4

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Jaeb Center for Health Research
• Collaborators: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; University of Minnesota
• Investigators: Study Chair: Antoinette Moran, MD, University of Minnesota; Study Chair: Gregory Forlenza, MD, Barbara Davis Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 7, 2021
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 18, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 18, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 11, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 11, 2023
• First Posted (Estimated): December 20, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): December 20, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 11, 2023
• Last Verified: December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1
• Other Study ID Numbers: CLVerEx

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No