Spinal Versus General Anesthesia on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis During Transurethral Resection of the Prostate

July 27, 2026 updated by: Sinan Uzman, Haseki Training and Research Hospital

Effects of Spinal Versus General Anesthesia on Coagulation and Fibrinolysis in Patients Undergoing Transurethral Resection of the Prostate: A Prospective Randomized Study

This prospective randomized clinical trial aims to compare the effects of spinal and general anesthesia on perioperative coagulation and fibrinolysis in patients undergoing elective transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Blood samples are collected before surgery and at 1 and 24 hours postoperatively to evaluate coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters. The study also assesses perioperative hemodynamic events and postoperative complications.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Surgical trauma activates both coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways, and prostate tissue possesses unique fibrinolytic properties due to its high concentration of plasminogen activators. The anesthetic technique may modify perioperative hemostasis through its effects on the neuroendocrine stress response.

The purpose of this prospective randomized study is to compare spinal anesthesia and general anesthesia with respect to perioperative and early postoperative changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis. Venous blood samples are obtained before surgery and at 1 and 24 hours after surgery for measurement of prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, fibrinogen concentration, and D-dimer levels.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

78

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Istanbul
      • Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye), 34265
        • Sultangazi Haseki Training and Research Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male patients
  • Age ≥18 years
  • Scheduled for elective bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate
  • ASA physical status I-II
  • Ability to provide written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism
  • Known inherited or acquired coagulation disorder
  • Severe hepatic insufficiency
  • Severe renal insufficiency
  • Use of anticoagulants, antiplatelet drugs, or NSAIDs within 10 days before surgery
  • Platelet count <100 × 10⁹/L
  • INR >1.5
  • aPTT >47 seconds
  • Contraindications to spinal anesthesia
  • Prostate malignancy
  • ASA physical status III or higher
  • Refusal to participate

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: spinal anesthesia
Participants received spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine for elective bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
Procedure: Spinal Anesthesia (bupivacaine)
Spinal anesthesia was performed at the L4-L5 interspace using 12.5 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine for elective bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Standard intraoperative monitoring and perioperative management were applied.
Active Comparator: general anesthesia
Participants received standardized general anesthesia for elective bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
Procedure: General Anaesthesia
General anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol, fentanyl, and rocuronium, and maintained with sevoflurane. Standard intraoperative monitoring and perioperative management were applied during elective bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Prothrombin Time (PT) from Baseline to Postoperative Assessments
Time Frame: Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Prothrombin time (PT) will be measured to evaluate perioperative changes in the extrinsic coagulation pathway. Unit of Measure: Seconds
Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Change in Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) from Baseline to Postoperative Assessments
Time Frame: Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) will be measured to evaluate changes in the intrinsic coagulation pathway. Units of measure: seconds
Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Change in International Normalized Ratio (INR) from Baseline to Postoperative Assessments
Time Frame: Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
INR will be measured as a standardized indicator of coagulation status. Unit of Measure: Ratio
Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Change in Fibrinogen Concentration from Baseline to Postoperative Assessments
Time Frame: Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Plasma fibrinogen concentration will be measured to evaluate changes in coagulation activity. Unit of Measure: mg/dL
Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Change in D-dimer Concentration from Baseline to Postoperative Assessments
Time Frame: Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery
Plasma D-dimer concentration will be measured to evaluate perioperative fibrinolytic activation. Unit of Measure: mg/L
Baseline, 1 hour after surgery, and 24 hours after surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Incidence of adverse events
Time Frame: From induction of anesthesia until completion of surgery.
  • Hypotension
  • Hypertension
  • Bradycardia
  • Tachycardia
  • Cardiac arrhythmia
  • Hypoxemia
From induction of anesthesia until completion of surgery.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Haseki Training and Research Hospital

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

October 10, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 31, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

March 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 13, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 27, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 29, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 29, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 27, 2026

Last Verified

July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 18-2024

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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