BSPTS and Core Stabilization Exercises in Adolescents With Idiopathic Scoliosis

Effects of Core Stabilization Exercises Combined With Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School Exercises on Trunk Rotation Angle and Core Muscle Endurance in Individuals With Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Randomized Controlled Study

This study aims to investigate the short-term effects of adding core stabilization exercises to Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School (BSPTS) exercises in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Participants will be randomly assigned to either a BSPTS exercise group or a BSPTS plus core stabilization exercise group. Both groups will participate in supervised exercise sessions twice a week for 6 weeks. The study will evaluate changes in trunk rotation angle and core muscle endurance as the primary outcomes, as well as dynamic balance, spinal appearance perception, postural awareness, and scoliosis-related quality of life.

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: Scoliosis Idiopathic Adolescent
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: BSPTS Plus Core Stabilization Exercise; Other: BSPTS Exercise

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 36
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
• Cobb angle between 10° and 40°.
• Risser sign between 0 and 3.
• Ability to understand and perform the exercise instructions.
• Willingness to participate in the study and provision of informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Scoliosis associated with congenital, neuromuscular, or syndromic conditions.
• Previous spinal surgery.
• Presence of significant lower-extremity deformity or neurological disorder affecting balance or exercise performance.
• Current participation in another scoliosis-specific exercise program.
• Severe cardiopulmonary or systemic disease contraindicating exercise.
• Inability to complete the assessment procedures or exercise program.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: BSPTS Plus Core Stabilization Exercise Group	Other: BSPTS Plus Core Stabilization Exercise; Participants will receive the same BSPTS-based scoliosis-specific exercise program, combined with core stabilization exercises targeting activation of the transversus abdominis, multifidus, and other deep trunk muscles. Sessions will be conducted under the supervision of a physiotherapist for 45 minutes, twice weekly for 6 weeks.
Active Comparator: BSPTS Exercise Group	Other: BSPTS Exercise; Participants will receive a Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School (BSPTS)-based scoliosis-specific exercise program. The program will include three-dimensional self-correction exercises focusing on spinal elongation, derotation, and sagittal plane alignment. Sessions will be conducted under the supervision of a physiotherapist for 45 minutes, twice weekly for 6 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Trunk Rotation Angle	Trunk rotation angle measured using a scoliometer during the Adams Forward Bend Test.	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
Core Muscle Endurance	Core muscle endurance assessed using the McGill Core Endurance Test Battery, including trunk flexor, trunk extensor, and right and left lateral plank tests.	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Dynamic Balance	Dynamic balance assessed using the Y-Balance Test.	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
Spinal Appearance Perception	Spinal appearance perception assessed using the Spinal Appearance Questionnaire (SAQ).	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
Postural Awareness	Postural awareness assessed using the Postural Awareness Scale (PAS).	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
Scoliosis-Related Quality of Life	Quality of life, functional status, and psychosocial impact assessed using the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire.	Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
Global Perceived Change	Perceived change following treatment assessed using the Global Rating of Change Scale.	Immediately after the 6-week intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Istinye University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): August 20, 2026
• Primary Completion (Estimated): March 25, 2027
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 25, 2027

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 8, 2026
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 8, 2026
• First Posted (Actual): August 12, 2026

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 12, 2026
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 8, 2026
• Last Verified: August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Core Stabilization Exercises; Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis; Dynamic Balance; Core Muscle Endurance; Postural Awareness; Trunk Rotation Angle; Barcelona Scoliosis Physical Therapy School
• Other Study ID Numbers: 103

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No