Ice Application for Oxacillin-Related Phlebitis and Pain
September 10, 2026 updated by: Kuan-Yu Lin, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Effect of Ice Application on Reducing Peripheral Vascular Phlebitis and Pain After Oxacillin Injection: A Randomized Single-Blind Controlled Trial
This randomized controlled trial evaluated whether ice application could reduce pain and peripheral intravenous phlebitis associated with oxacillin administration.
Hospitalized patients receiving intravenous oxacillin were assigned to either an ice application group or a control group.
In the intervention group, ice was applied to the area around the peripheral intravenous catheter before oxacillin administration.
In the control group, a room-temperature water bag was applied in the same manner.
Pain after oxacillin administration and signs of phlebitis at the intravenous catheter site were assessed and compared between the two groups.
The study aimed to determine whether ice application could provide a simple, non-pharmacological approach to reducing oxacillin-related pain and phlebitis.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
86
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
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Fengyuan, Taiwan
- Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare
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Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
Adults aged 20 to 60 years. Conscious and able to participate in the study. Intravenous injection site located on either hand. Receiving a single antibiotic medication during the study. Eligible regardless of sex or medical diagnosis.
Exclusion Criteria:
Dementia. Psychiatric disorders. Skin rash at the study site. Purpura. Pregnancy. Current oral corticosteroid use. Hemodialysis. Administration of a second medication or an injection containing two or more medications during the study.
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Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
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Experimental: Ice Application Group
Participants assigned to this group received ice application around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration.
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Ice was applied around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration.
The intervention was intended to reduce pain associated with oxacillin administration and the occurrence of peripheral intravenous phlebitis.
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Active Comparator: Room-Temperature Water-Bag Control Group
Participants assigned to this group received a room-temperature water-bag application around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration.
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A room-temperature water bag was applied around the peripheral intravenous catheter site before intravenous oxacillin administration as the control condition.
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
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Pain Intensity After Intravenous Oxacillin Administration
Time Frame: Up to 72 hours after intravenous oxacillin administration
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Pain intensity associated with intravenous oxacillin administration was assessed repeatedly after oxacillin administration across nine 8-hour intervals during the 72-hour observation period.
Higher pain scores indicated greater pain intensity.
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Up to 72 hours after intravenous oxacillin administration
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Pain Intensity After Intravenous Oxacillin Administration
Time Frame: From 1 to 72 hours after initiation of the study intervention, assessed at 1-8, 9-16, 17-24, 25-32, 33-40, 41-48, 49-56, 57-64, and 65-72 hours.
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Pain intensity associated with intravenous oxacillin administration was assessed using a numerical rating scale, with higher scores indicating greater pain.
Pain was assessed repeatedly after oxacillin administration across nine 8-hour intervals during the 72-hour observation period.
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From 1 to 72 hours after initiation of the study intervention, assessed at 1-8, 9-16, 17-24, 25-32, 33-40, 41-48, 49-56, 57-64, and 65-72 hours.
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Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
April 7, 2022
Primary Completion (Actual)
December 31, 2022
Study Completion (Actual)
December 31, 2022
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
September 10, 2026
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
September 10, 2026
First Posted (Actual)
September 15, 2026
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
September 15, 2026
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
September 10, 2026
Last Verified
September 1, 2026
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- FYH-IRB-111004
- 111004 (Other Identifier: Feng Yuan Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.