Global attitudes in the management of acute appendicitis during COVID-19 pandemic: ACIE Appy Study

B Ielpo, M Podda, G Pellino, F Pata, R Caruso, G Gravante, S Di Saverio, ACIE Appy Study Collaborative

Abstract

Background: Surgical strategies are being adapted to face the COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations on the management of acute appendicitis have been based on expert opinion, but very little evidence is available. This study addressed that dearth with a snapshot of worldwide approaches to appendicitis.

Methods: The Association of Italian Surgeons in Europe designed an online survey to assess the current attitude of surgeons globally regarding the management of patients with acute appendicitis during the pandemic. Questions were divided into baseline information, hospital organization and screening, personal protective equipment, management and surgical approach, and patient presentation before versus during the pandemic.

Results: Of 744 answers, 709 (from 66 countries) were complete and were included in the analysis. Most hospitals were treating both patients with and those without COVID. There was variation in screening indications and modality used, with chest X-ray plus molecular testing (PCR) being the commonest (19·8 per cent). Conservative management of complicated and uncomplicated appendicitis was used by 6·6 and 2·4 per cent respectively before, but 23·7 and 5·3 per cent, during the pandemic (both P < 0·001). One-third changed their approach from laparoscopic to open surgery owing to the popular (but evidence-lacking) advice from expert groups during the initial phase of the pandemic. No agreement on how to filter surgical smoke plume during laparoscopy was identified. There was an overall reduction in the number of patients admitted with appendicitis and one-third felt that patients who did present had more severe appendicitis than they usually observe.

Conclusion: Conservative management of mild appendicitis has been possible during the pandemic. The fact that some surgeons switched to open appendicectomy may reflect the poor guidelines that emanated in the early phase of SARS-CoV-2.

© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of BJS Society Ltd. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Breakdown of countries of origin of participants in the study
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Representation of national health systems of participants.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Management of uncomplicated and complicated acute appendicitis before and during COVID‐19 pandemic
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Use of open appendicectomy before and during COVID‐19 pandemic
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Hospital referrals for acute appendicitis before and during the COVID‐19 pandemic at participants' institutions.

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