Assessment of anesthetic properties and pain during needleless jet injection anesthesia: a randomized clinical trial

Allan Carlos Araújo de Oliveira, Klinger de Souza Amorim, Edmundo Marques do Nascimento Júnior, Amanda Caroline Batista Duarte, Francisco Carlos Groppo, Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita, Liane Maciel de Almeida Souza, Allan Carlos Araújo de Oliveira, Klinger de Souza Amorim, Edmundo Marques do Nascimento Júnior, Amanda Caroline Batista Duarte, Francisco Carlos Groppo, Wilton Mitsunari Takeshita, Liane Maciel de Almeida Souza

Abstract

Objective: Pain due to administration of local anesthetics is the primary reason for patients' fear and anxiety, and various methods are used to minimize it. This study aimed to measure the degree of pain during administration of anesthesia and determine the latency time and duration of pulpal anesthesia using two anesthetic methods in the maxilla.

Materials and methods: A randomized, single-blind, split-mouth clinical trial was conducted with 41 volunteers who required class I restorations in the maxillary first molars. Local anesthesia was administered with a needleless jet injection system (experimental group) or with a carpule syringe (control) using a 30-gauge short needle. The method of anesthesia and laterality of the maxilla were randomized. A pulp electric tester measured the latency time and duration of anesthesia in the second molar. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to measure the degree of pain during the anesthetic method. Data were tabulated and then analyzed by a statistician. The t-test was used to analyze the differences between the groups for basal electrical stimulation. Duration of anesthesia and degree of pain were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. A 5% significance level was considered.

Results: There was no statistical difference in the basal electrical stimulation threshold (mA) and degree of pain between the two methods of anesthesia (p>0.05). Latency time was 2 minutes for all subjects. The duration of pulpal anesthesia showed no statistical difference (minutes) between the two methods (p<0.001), with a longer duration for the traditional method of anesthesia (median of 40 minutes).

Conclusions: The two anesthetics methods did not differ concerning the pain experienced during anesthesia. Latency lasted 2 minutes for all subjects; the traditional infiltration anesthesia resulted in a longer anesthetic duration compared with the needleless jet injection.

Figures

Figure 1. CONSORT flow diagram of patients…
Figure 1. CONSORT flow diagram of patients enrolled in the clinical trial
Figure 2. Basal electrical stimulation threshold (mean±standard…
Figure 2. Basal electrical stimulation threshold (mean±standard deviation) as a function of anesthetic method. Student's T test, p>0.05
Figure 3. VAS as a function of…
Figure 3. VAS as a function of the degree of pain experienced during administration of anesthesia using the two anesthetic methods in the maxilla. Center bar represents median, maximum, and minimum values. Mann-Whitney test, p>0.05
Figure 4. Pulpal anesthesia duration (minutes) for…
Figure 4. Pulpal anesthesia duration (minutes) for the two anesthetic methods. Center bar represents median, maximum, and minimum values. Mann-Whitney test, p

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