Effects of high-speed power training on muscle performance and braking speed in older adults

Stephen P Sayers, Kyle Gibson, Stephen P Sayers, Kyle Gibson

Abstract

We examined whether high-speed power training (HSPT) improved muscle performance and braking speed using a driving simulator. 72 older adults (22 m, 50 f; age = 70.6 ± 7.3 yrs) were randomized to HSPT at 40% one-repetition maximum (1RM) (HSPT: n = 25; 3 sets of 12-14 repetitions), slow-speed strength training at 80%1RM (SSST: n = 25; 3 sets of 8-10 repetitions), or control (CON: n = 22; stretching) 3 times/week for 12 weeks. Leg press and knee extension peak power, peak power velocity, peak power force/torque, and braking speed were obtained at baseline and 12 weeks. HSPT increased peak power and peak power velocity across a range of external resistances (40-90% 1RM; P < 0.05) and improved braking speed (P < 0.05). Work was similar between groups, but perceived exertion was lower in HSPT (P < 0.05). Thus, the less strenuous HSPT exerted a broader training effect and improved braking speed compared to SSST.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Overview of recruitment of study participants and randomization to study arms. HSPT = high-speed power training; SSST = slow-speed strength training; CON = Control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Driving simulator (a) and closeup of accelerator and brake pedal (b) used in the high-speed functional task.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Baseline to posttraining changes in leg press peak power relative to baseline one-repetition maximum (1RM) across a range of external resistances. HSPT = high-speed power training; SSST = slow-speed strength training; CON = control. *HSPT > CON; †SSST > CON.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Baseline to posttraining changes in leg press peak power velocity relative to baseline one-repetition maximum (1RM) across a range of external resistances. HSPT = high-speed power training; SSST = slow-speed strength training; CON = control. *HSPT > CON; †SSST > CON.

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