A Movement Monitor Based on Magneto-Inertial Sensors for Non-Ambulant Patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Pilot Study in Controlled Environment

Anne-Gaëlle Le Moing, Andreea Mihaela Seferian, Amélie Moraux, Mélanie Annoussamy, Eric Dorveaux, Erwan Gasnier, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Thomas Voit, David Vissière, Laurent Servais, Anne-Gaëlle Le Moing, Andreea Mihaela Seferian, Amélie Moraux, Mélanie Annoussamy, Eric Dorveaux, Erwan Gasnier, Jean-Yves Hogrel, Thomas Voit, David Vissière, Laurent Servais

Abstract

Measurement of muscle strength and activity of upper limbs of non-ambulant patients with neuromuscular diseases is a major challenge. ActiMyo® is an innovative device that uses magneto-inertial sensors to record angular velocities and linear accelerations that can be used over long periods of time in the home environment. The device was designed to insure long-term stability and good signal to noise ratio, even for very weak movements. In order to determine relevant and pertinent clinical variables with potential for use as outcome measures in clinical trials or to guide therapy decisions, we performed a pilot study in non-ambulant neuromuscular patients. We report here data from seven Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) patients (mean age 18.5 ± 5.5 years) collected in a clinical setting. Patients were assessed while wearing the device during performance of validated tasks (MoviPlate, Box and Block test and Minnesota test) and tasks mimicking daily living. The ActiMyo® sensors were placed on the wrists during all the tests. Software designed for use with the device computed several variables to qualify and quantify muscular activity in the non-ambulant subjects. Four variables representative of upper limb activity were studied: the rotation rate, the ratio of the vertical component in the overall acceleration, the hand elevation rate, and an estimate of the power of the upper limb. The correlations between clinical data and physical activity and the ActiMyo® movement parameters were analyzed. The mean of the rotation rate and mean of the elevation rate appeared promising since these variables had the best reliability scores and correlations with task scores. Parameters could be computed even in a patient with a Brooke functional score of 6. The variables chosen are good candidates as potential outcome measures in non-ambulant patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy and use of the ActiMyo® is currently being explored in home environment.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01611597.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing Interests: JYH is inventor of the MyoGrip. JYH and AM are co-inventors of the MyoPinch. JYH, LS, and TV are co-inventors of the MoviPlate. DV, LS, JYH, and AM are co-inventors of the ActiMyo®. We declare the following patents/patent applications (Vissière, David; Servais, Laurent. Actimyo—Couple contra-gravitaire. France. Brevet FR 1650652. 27 Janvier 2016). Eric Dorveaux and David Vissière are employed by the commercial company SYSNAV. There are no further patents, products in development or marketed products to declare. This does not alter our adherence to all the PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.

Figures

Fig 1. The tools.
Fig 1. The tools.
(A) First version of ActiMyo®, used in the current study. (B) Box and Block test. (C) Minnesota test with five discs.
Fig 2. Patient flow-chart.
Fig 2. Patient flow-chart.
Fig 3. Reliability between test and retest…
Fig 3. Reliability between test and retest for all the tasks evaluated for each ActiMyo® variable.
◇ MoviPlate; ⬜ BBT; △ Minnesota test; ✱ Writing;× PC typing.
Fig 4. Correlation between the ActiMyo ®…
Fig 4. Correlation between the ActiMyo® variables and the functional tests’ scores.
◆ Patient 1; ■ Patient 2; ▲ Patient 3; × Patient 4; * Patient 5; ● Patient 6; + Patient 7. Correlations between ‖Ω‖ and scores for the tasks (A) Moviplate, (B) Box and Block test, and (C) Minnesota. Correlation between dθ and scores for the tasks (D) Moviplate, (E) Box and Block test, and (F) Minnesota.

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