Making sense of big data in health research: Towards an EU action plan

Charles Auffray, Rudi Balling, Inês Barroso, László Bencze, Mikael Benson, Jay Bergeron, Enrique Bernal-Delgado, Niklas Blomberg, Christoph Bock, Ana Conesa, Susanna Del Signore, Christophe Delogne, Peter Devilee, Alberto Di Meglio, Marinus Eijkemans, Paul Flicek, Norbert Graf, Vera Grimm, Henk-Jan Guchelaar, Yi-Ke Guo, Ivo Glynne Gut, Allan Hanbury, Shahid Hanif, Ralf-Dieter Hilgers, Ángel Honrado, D Rod Hose, Jeanine Houwing-Duistermaat, Tim Hubbard, Sophie Helen Janacek, Haralampos Karanikas, Tim Kievits, Manfred Kohler, Andreas Kremer, Jerry Lanfear, Thomas Lengauer, Edith Maes, Theo Meert, Werner Müller, Dörthe Nickel, Peter Oledzki, Bertrand Pedersen, Milan Petkovic, Konstantinos Pliakos, Magnus Rattray, Josep Redón I Màs, Reinhard Schneider, Thierry Sengstag, Xavier Serra-Picamal, Wouter Spek, Lea A I Vaas, Okker van Batenburg, Marc Vandelaer, Peter Varnai, Pablo Villoslada, Juan Antonio Vizcaíno, John Peter Mary Wubbe, Gianluigi Zanetti, Charles Auffray, Rudi Balling, Inês Barroso, László Bencze, Mikael Benson, Jay Bergeron, Enrique Bernal-Delgado, Niklas Blomberg, Christoph Bock, Ana Conesa, Susanna Del Signore, Christophe Delogne, Peter Devilee, Alberto Di Meglio, Marinus Eijkemans, Paul Flicek, Norbert Graf, Vera Grimm, Henk-Jan Guchelaar, Yi-Ke Guo, Ivo Glynne Gut, Allan Hanbury, Shahid Hanif, Ralf-Dieter Hilgers, Ángel Honrado, D Rod Hose, Jeanine Houwing-Duistermaat, Tim Hubbard, Sophie Helen Janacek, Haralampos Karanikas, Tim Kievits, Manfred Kohler, Andreas Kremer, Jerry Lanfear, Thomas Lengauer, Edith Maes, Theo Meert, Werner Müller, Dörthe Nickel, Peter Oledzki, Bertrand Pedersen, Milan Petkovic, Konstantinos Pliakos, Magnus Rattray, Josep Redón I Màs, Reinhard Schneider, Thierry Sengstag, Xavier Serra-Picamal, Wouter Spek, Lea A I Vaas, Okker van Batenburg, Marc Vandelaer, Peter Varnai, Pablo Villoslada, Juan Antonio Vizcaíno, John Peter Mary Wubbe, Gianluigi Zanetti

Abstract

Medicine and healthcare are undergoing profound changes. Whole-genome sequencing and high-resolution imaging technologies are key drivers of this rapid and crucial transformation. Technological innovation combined with automation and miniaturization has triggered an explosion in data production that will soon reach exabyte proportions. How are we going to deal with this exponential increase in data production? The potential of "big data" for improving health is enormous but, at the same time, we face a wide range of challenges to overcome urgently. Europe is very proud of its cultural diversity; however, exploitation of the data made available through advances in genomic medicine, imaging, and a wide range of mobile health applications or connected devices is hampered by numerous historical, technical, legal, and political barriers. European health systems and databases are diverse and fragmented. There is a lack of harmonization of data formats, processing, analysis, and data transfer, which leads to incompatibilities and lost opportunities. Legal frameworks for data sharing are evolving. Clinicians, researchers, and citizens need improved methods, tools, and training to generate, analyze, and query data effectively. Addressing these barriers will contribute to creating the European Single Market for health, which will improve health and healthcare for all Europeans.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Making sense of complex data and overcoming the hairball syndrome using systems biology algorithms and visualization tools. a Visualization of the topology of clinical data from the U-BIOPRED consortium adult severe asthma cohorts (courtesy of Ratko Djukanovic, University of Southampton, UK and Peter Sterk, Amsterdam Medical Center, The Netherlands) [126] using Topology Data Analysis from Ayasdi [127, 128]. b Network obtained though integration of genome, transcriptome, and proteome data from the SysCLAD consortium lung transplantation cohorts (courtesy of Johann Pellet, EISBM, France) [129, 130] using Ingenuity® Variant Analysis [131]. c Typical static representation of a molecular pathway in Thomson Reuters GeneGo MetaCore™ [132]. d An example of a detailed representation of biochemical reactions in the LCSB Parkinson’s molecular map [133]. e A cellular-level representation of biological interactions in the EISBM AsthmaMap (courtesy of Alexander Mazein, EISBM, France) [134, 135]. f A network representation of data and statements developed as part of a biocentric knowledge base within the eTRIKS consortium (courtesy of Mansoor Saqi and Irina Balaur, EISBM, France) [67]

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