Effect of university students' sedentary behavior on stress, anxiety, and depression

Eunmi Lee, Yujeong Kim, Eunmi Lee, Yujeong Kim

Abstract

Purpose: We identified the effect of sedentary behavior on stress, anxiety, and depression among Korean university students.

Design and methods: Data were collected from 244 students using self-reported sitting time, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale.

Findings: Mean sitting time was 7.96 h per day. As sitting hours increased, university students' stress, anxiety, and depression significantly increased despite controlling for sex, economic level, body mass index, underlying disease, and health self-management.

Practical implications: Intervention programs that reduce sedentary behavior and improve physical activity and mental health for university students are necessary.

Keywords: anxiety; depression; sedentary behavior; stress.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no actual or potential conflicts of interest.

© 2018 The Authors. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

References

    1. Schmidt M. Predictors of self‐rated health and lifestyle behaviours in Swedish university students. Global J Health Sci. 2012;4:1–14.
    1. Kim JM, Koh KW, Kim YJ, Shin YH. Status of and challenges for physical activity in Korean university students. Korean J Health Educ Promot. 2011;28:51–60.
    1. Park JY, Kim NH. Relationships between physical activity, health status, and quality of life of university students. J Korean Public Health Nurs. 2013;27:153–165. 10.5932/jkphn.2013.27.1.153.
    1. World Health Organization . Global recommendations on physical activity for health WHO Library Cataloguing‐in‐Publication Data. Switzerland: World Health Organization; 2010.
    1. Thorp AA, Owen N, Neuhaus M, Dunstan DW. Sedentary behaviors and subsequent health outcomes in adults: a systematic review of longitudinal studies, 1996–2011. Am J Prev Med. 2011;41:207–215. 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.004.
    1. Pate RR, O'Neill JR, Lobelo F. The evolving definition of “sedentary. Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2008;36:173–178. 10.1097/jes.0b013e3181877d1a.
    1. Buckworth J, Nigg C. Physical activity, exercise, and sedentary behavior in college students. J Am Coll Health. 2004;53:28–34. 10.3200/jach.53.1.28-34.
    1. Bauman A, Ainsworth BE, Sallis JF, et al. The descriptive epidemiology of sitting. Am J Prev Med. 2011;41:228–235. 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.003.
    1. Matthews CE, Chen KY, Freedson PS, et al. Amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors in the United States, 2003–2004. Am J Epidemiol. 2008;167:875–881. 10.1093/aje/kwm390.
    1. Shephard RJ. Physical activity of Canadian adults: accelerometer results from the 2007 to 2009 Canadian Health Measures Survey. Yearbook Sports Med. 2011;22:111–113. 10.1016/j.yspm.2011.03.006.
    1. Aresu M, Bécares L, Brage S, Chaudhury M, Doyle‐Francis M, Wardle H. Health Survey for England 2008: Volume 1. Physical Activity and Fitness. UK: The NHS Information Centre for Health and Social Care; 2009.
    1. Proper KI, Singh AS, van Mechelen W, Chinapaw MJM. Sedentary behaviors and health outcomes among adults. Am J Prev Med. 2011;40:174–182. 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.10.015.
    1. Tremblay MS, Colley RC, Saunders TJ, Healy GN, Owen N. Physiological and health implications of a sedentary lifestyle. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2010;35:725–740. 10.1139/h10-079.
    1. van der Ploeg HP, Chey T, Korda RJ, Banks E, Bauman AE. Sitting time and all‐cause mortality risk in 222,497 Australian adults. J Sci Med Sport. 2012;172:494–500. 10.1016/j.jsams.2012.11.068.
    1. Rebar AL, Duncan MJ, Short C, Vandelanotte C. Differences in health‐related quality of life between three clusters of physical activity, sitting time, depression, anxiety, and stress. BMC Public Health. 2014;14:1088 10.1186/1471-2458-14-1088.
    1. Kilpatrick M, Sanderson K, Blizzard L, Teale B. Cross‐sectional associations between sitting at work and psychological distress: reducing sitting time may benefit mental health. Ment Health Phys Act. 2013;6:103–109. 10.1016/j.mhpa.2013.06.004.
    1. Sanchez‐Villegas A, Ara I, Guillen‐Grima F, Bes‐Rastrollo M, Varo‐Cenarruzabeitia JJ, Martínez‐González MA. Physical activity, sedentary index, and mental disorders in the SUN cohort study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2008;40:827–834. 10.1249/mss.0b013e31816348b9.
    1. OECD . Health Data–Suicide Rates. 2013. .
    1. Korea Statistic . Death Rates for the 10 Leading Causes of Death by Age. 2016.
    1. Park JH, Seo YS. Validation of the perceived stress scale (PSS) on samples of Korean university students. Korean J Psychol Gen. 2010;29:611–629.
    1. Cohen S, Kamarck T, Mermelstein RA. A global measure of perceived stress. J Health Soc Behav. 1983;24:385–396. 10.2307/2136404.
    1. Beck AT, Epstein N, Brown G, Steer RA. An inventory for measuring clinical anxiety: Psychometric properties. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1988;56:893–897. 10.1037/0022-006x.56.6.893.
    1. Kwon SM. Differential roles of dysfunctional attitude and automatic thoughts in depression An integrated cognitive model of depression. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Queensland; 1992.
    1. Radloff LS. The CES‐D Scale. Appl Psychol Meas. 1977;1:385–401. 10.1177/014662167700100306.
    1. Chon KK, Rhee MK. CES‐D Korean ver. development research. Korean J Clin Psychol. 1992;11:65–76.
    1. Chau JY, Grunseit AC, Chey T, et al. Daily sitting time and all‐cause mortality: a meta‐analysis. PLoS ONE. 2013;8:e80000 10.1371/journal.pone.0080000.
    1. Mun YH. The state and factors associated with the level of physical activity and exercise in adolescents. J Korean Public Health Nurs. 2007;21:75–84.
    1. Myung CO, Park YS, Nam HW, Lee KW. A study on college students' awareness and life pattern on well‐being. J East Asian Soc Dietary Life. 2007;17:27–42.
    1. Pettit ML, DeBarr KA. Perceived stress, energy drink consumption, and academic performance among college students. J Am Coll Health. 2011;59:335–341. 10.1080/07448481.2010.510163.
    1. Roddenberry A, Renk K. Locus of control and self‐efficacy: potential mediators of stress, illness, and utilization of health services in college students. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 2010;41:353–370. 10.1007/s10578-010-0173-6.
    1. Raffaelli M, Andrade FCD, Wiley AR, Sanchez‐Armass O, Edwards LL, Aradillas‐Garcia C. Stress, social support, and depression: a test of the stress‐buffering hypothesis in a Mexican sample. J Res Adolesc. 2013;23:283–289. 10.1111/jora.12006.
    1. Demirci K, Akgönül M, Akpinar A. Relationship of smartphone use severity with sleep quality, depression, and anxiety in university students. J Behav Addict. 2015;4:85–92. 10.1556/2006.4.2015.010.
    1. Song Y, Huang Y, Liu D, et al. Depression in college: depressive symptoms and personality factors in Beijing and Hong Kong college freshmen. Compr Psychiatry. 2008;49:496–502. 10.1016/j.comppsych.2008.02.005.
    1. Park JY, Kim JK. The effects of life stress on university student`s suicide and depression: focusing on the mediating pathway of family and friend`s support. Korean J Youth Stud. 2014;21:167–189.
    1. Russell G, Shaw S. A study to investigate the prevalence of social anxiety in a sample of higher education students in the United Kingdom. J Ment Health. 2009;18:198–206. 10.1080/09638230802522494.
    1. Eisenberg D, Gollust SE, Golberstein E, Hefner JL. Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety, and suicidality among university students. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2007;77:534–542. 10.1037/0002-9432.77.4.534.
    1. Arria AM, O'Grady KE, Caldeira KM, Vincent KB, Wilcox HC, Wish ED. Suicide ideation among college students: a multivariate analysis. Arch Suicide Res. 2009;13:230–246.
    1. Eisenberg D, Golberstein E, Gollust SE. Help‐seeking and access to mental health care in a university student population. Med Care. 2007;45:594–601. 10.1097/mlr.0b013e31803bb4c1.
    1. Rebar AL, Vandelanotte C, van Uffelen J, Short C, Duncan MJ. Associations of overall sitting time and sitting time in different contexts with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Ment Health Phys Act. 2014;7:105–110. 10.1016/j.mhpa.2014.02.004.
    1. Regehr C, Glancy D, Pitts A. Interventions to reduce stress in university students: a review and meta‐analysis. J Affect Disord. 2013;148:1–11. 10.1016/j.jad.2012.11.026.
    1. Teychenne M, Ball K, Salmon J. Sedentary behavior and depression among adults: A review. Int J Behav Med. 2010;17(4):246–254.
    1. Ahn S, Fedewa AL. A meta‐analysis of the relationship between children's physical activity and mental health. J Pediatr Psychol. 2011;36:385–397.
    1. Biddle SJH, Asare M. Physical activity and mental health in children and adolescents: a review of reviews. Br J Sports Med. 2011;45:886–895. 10.1136/bjsports-2011-090185.

Source: PubMed

3
Subscribe