Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour Patterns in 326 Persons with COPD before Starting a Pulmonary Rehabilitation: A Cluster Analysis

Wolfgang Geidl, Johannes Carl, Samuel Cassar, Nicola Lehbert, Eriselda Mino, Michael Wittmann, Rupert Wagner, Konrad Schultz, Klaus Pfeifer, Wolfgang Geidl, Johannes Carl, Samuel Cassar, Nicola Lehbert, Eriselda Mino, Michael Wittmann, Rupert Wagner, Konrad Schultz, Klaus Pfeifer

Abstract

This study applies a cluster analysis to identify typical physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) patterns in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) before starting pulmonary rehabilitation (PR). We implemented an observational design which assessed baseline data of objectively measured PA and SB from the STAR (Stay Active after Rehabilitation) study. A total of 355 persons wore an accelerometer (Actigraph wGT3X) for seven days before the start of their PR. Sociodemographic and disease-related parameters were assessed at the start of PR. We applied cluster analysis and compared clusters applying univariate variance analyses. Data was available for 326 persons (31.6% women; age ø = 58 years). Cluster analysis revealed four movement clusters with distinct PA and SB patterns: Sedentary non-movers (28.5%), sedentary occasional movers (41.7%), sedentary movers (19.6%), and sedentary exercisers (10.1%). The four clusters displayed varying levels of moderate PA before rehabilitation (Ø daily min: 9; 28; 38; 70). Notably, all four clusters displayed considerably long average sedentary time per day (Ø daily minutes: 644; 561; 490; 446). The clusters differed significantly in disease-related parameters of GOLD severity, FEV1, CAT, and 6-Min-Walk-Test. In addition to PA promotion, PR programs should consider the reduction of sedentary behaviour as a valuable goal.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; classificatory approach; exercise; lung diseases; motor activity.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow chart for the analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Daily time of the four clusters in sedentary time and in activities of low light, high light and moderate intensity.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Physical activity and sedentary bout analysis for all four clusters.

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