Impact of Physical Activity on Oxidative Stress Markers in Patients with Metastatic Breast Cancer

Lidia Delrieu, Marina Touillaud, Olivia Pérol, Magali Morelle, Agnès Martin, Christine M Friedenreich, Pauline Mury, Armelle Dufresne, Thomas Bachelot, Pierre-Etienne Heudel, Béatrice Fervers, Olivier Trédan, Vincent Pialoux, Lidia Delrieu, Marina Touillaud, Olivia Pérol, Magali Morelle, Agnès Martin, Christine M Friedenreich, Pauline Mury, Armelle Dufresne, Thomas Bachelot, Pierre-Etienne Heudel, Béatrice Fervers, Olivier Trédan, Vincent Pialoux

Abstract

Purpose: Regular physical activity (PA) can affect oxidative stress, known to be involved in carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations between a six-month PA intervention and oxidative stress biomarkers, PA, and clinical outcomes in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: Forty-nine newly diagnosed patients with metastatic breast cancer were recruited for a single-arm, unsupervised, and personalized six-month walking intervention with activity tracker. PA level and PA fitness, plasma concentrations of DNA oxidation (8OhdG), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and protein oxidation (AOPP), plasma activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and catalase, plasma and leucocyte activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and NADPH oxidase (NOX), and clinical markers of tumor progression (RECIST criteria) were measured at baseline and after the six-month intervention.

Results: GPX activity (+17%) and MDA (+9%) significantly increased between baseline and the end of the intervention. Changes in PA level and fitness were significantly positively correlated with changes in plasma GPX and significantly negatively with changes in NOX in the leucocytes. Plasma MDA was significantly higher (+20%) whereas plasma AOPP was lower (-46%) for patients with tumor progression or that died during the six months as compared to patients without progression.

Conclusion: A six-month PA intervention may be potentially beneficial in metastatic breast cancer patients for enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity and decreasing prooxidant enzyme activity. Moreover, AOPP and MDA could also be favorable and unfavorable biomarkers, respectively, since they are associated with disease progression and fitness level in this population. This trial is registered with NCT number: NCT03148886.

Conflict of interest statement

No author reports any competing financial interest.

Copyright © 2021 Lidia Delrieu et al.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Change of MDA (a) and GPX (b) between baseline and the end of the six-month physical activity intervention, ABLE study, 2016-2018. MDA: malondialdehyde; GPX: glutathione peroxidase. ∗p < 0.05 vs. baseline.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Correlation plot of changes in oxidative stress markers, physical activity level, and physical fitness between baseline and the end of the six-month physical activity intervention, ABLE study, 2016-2018. CAT: catalase; SOD: superoxide dismutase; NOX: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase; MPO: myeloperoxidase; 8-OhdG: 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine; AOPP: advanced oxidation protein products; MDA: malondialdehyde; GPX: glutathione peroxidase; 6WD: 6-minute walking distance; Quadriceps: isometric quadriceps strength; PA: total physical activity; Daily steps: mean steps per day over a month. Blue and red circles represent positive and negative correlations, respectively; size and color intensity of the circle represent the strength of the correlation.

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