Effectiveness of Improved Use of Chewing Gum During Capsule Endoscopy in Decreasing Gastric Transit Time: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study

Liang Huang, Yue Hu, Fang Chen, Shan Liu, Bin Lu, Liang Huang, Yue Hu, Fang Chen, Shan Liu, Bin Lu

Abstract

Background/Aim: Chewing gum throughout small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) increases completion rates (CRs) but decreases small bowel transit time (SBTT) and diagnostic yield (DY). We determined the effects of chewing gum early during SBCE on gastric transit time (GTT), SBTT, CR, DY, and gastroscopy intervention. Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients (ages 16-80 years) undergoing SBCE between January and June 2019. Patients were randomized to a chewing gum group (103 patients) and a control group (102 patients). Patients in the former group chewed one piece of gum for ~15 min every 30 min during the first hour of SBCE. Two gastroenterologists blinded to the study group examined the data. Results: GTT was shorter in the chewing gum group (19.0 min, interquartile range: 17.0-52.0 min) than in the control group [42.5 min (23.25-60 min); P = 0.01]. SBTT was similar in the two groups [318.5 min (239.5-421.3 min) vs. 287.0 min (216.0-386.0 min); P = 0.08]. Gastroscopy rate was lower in the chewing gum group (15.53 vs. 32.35%, P = 0.005). CR (95.15 vs. 89.22%, P = 0.114) and DY (66.02 vs. 59.80%, P = 0.359) did not differ between the groups. The number of abnormal-lesion types detected per patient was higher in the chewing gum group [1.0 (0.0-2.0) vs. 2.0 (0.0-2.0); P = 0.049]. Conclusions: Chewing gum early during SBCE significantly reduced GTT and gastroscopy intervention, with no influence on SBTT (Trial number: NCT03815136).

Keywords: chewing gum; gastric transit time; gastroscopy intervention; small bowel capsule endoscopy; small bowel transit time.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Copyright © 2021 Huang, Hu, Chen, Liu and Lu.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the study.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Gastric transit time during capsule endoscopy in the chewing gum group and control group. (A) A boxplot with medians and quartiles; (B) Kaplan–Meier curves for time to complete gastric view.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Small bowel transit time during capsule endoscopy in the chewing gum group and control group. (A) A boxplot with medians and quartiles; (B) Kaplan–Meier curves for time to complete small bowel view.

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