Tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in low-income and high-income countries
Antiretroviral Therapy in Low-Income Countries Collaboration of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA), ART Cohort Collaboration, Martin W G Brinkhof, Matthias Egger, Andrew Boulle, Margaret May, Mina Hosseinipour, Eduardo Sprinz, Paula Braitstein, François Dabis, Peter Reiss, David R Bangsberg, Martin Rickenbach, Jose M Miro, Landon Myer, Amanda Mocroft, Denis Nash, Olivia Keiser, Margaret Pascoe, Stefaan van der Borght, Mauro Schechter, Antiretroviral Therapy in Low-Income Countries Collaboration of the International epidemiological Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA), ART Cohort Collaboration, Martin W G Brinkhof, Matthias Egger, Andrew Boulle, Margaret May, Mina Hosseinipour, Eduardo Sprinz, Paula Braitstein, François Dabis, Peter Reiss, David R Bangsberg, Martin Rickenbach, Jose M Miro, Landon Myer, Amanda Mocroft, Denis Nash, Olivia Keiser, Margaret Pascoe, Stefaan van der Borght, Mauro Schechter
Abstract
We examined the incidence of and risk factors for tuberculosis during the first year of highly active antiretroviral therapy in low-income (4540 patients) and high-income (22,217 patients) countries. Although incidence was much higher in low-income countries, the reduction in the incidence of tuberculosis associated with highly active antiretroviral therapy was similar: the rate ratio for months 7-12 versus months 1-3 was 0.48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.64) in low-income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.50) in high-income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings.
Conflict of interest statement
All other authors: no conflicts.
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Source: PubMed