Therapeutic Agents for the Treatment of Temporomandibular Joint Disorders: Progress and Perspective

Mengjie Wu, Jingyi Cai, Yeke Yu, Sihui Hu, Yingnan Wang, Mengrui Wu, Mengjie Wu, Jingyi Cai, Yeke Yu, Sihui Hu, Yingnan Wang, Mengrui Wu

Abstract

Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) are a common health condition caused by the structural or functional disorders of masticatory muscles and the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Abnormal mandibular movement in TMD patients may cause pain, chronic inflammation, and other discomfort, which could be relieved by a variety of drugs through various delivery systems. In this study, we summarized commonly used therapeutic agents in the management of TMD as well as novel bioactive molecules in preclinical stage and clinical trials. The emerging therapy strategies such as novel intra-TMJ delivery systems and implants based on tissue engineering are also discussed. This comprehensive review will strengthen our understanding of pharmacological approaches for TMD therapy.

Keywords: intra-TMJ injection; mandibular dysfunction; pain management; temporomandibular joint; temporomandibular joint disorder.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Copyright © 2021 Wu, Cai, Yu, Hu, Wang and Wu.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Commonly used agents for treating TMD and their structures.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Stages of preclinically and clinically studied agents for TMD therapy.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Delivery systems for the therapy of TMD.

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