Two randomized controlled trials of SB742457 in mild-to-moderate Alzheimer's disease

Gareth Maher-Edwards, Carolyn Watson, John Ascher, Carly Barnett, Diane Boswell, John Davies, Manuel Fernandez, Alexander Kurz, Orazio Zanetti, Beth Safirstein, Juan Paul Schronen, Marina Zvartau-Hind, Michael Gold, Gareth Maher-Edwards, Carolyn Watson, John Ascher, Carly Barnett, Diane Boswell, John Davies, Manuel Fernandez, Alexander Kurz, Orazio Zanetti, Beth Safirstein, Juan Paul Schronen, Marina Zvartau-Hind, Michael Gold

Abstract

Background: Two previous studies of SB742457, a 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT6) receptor antagonist, suggested the efficacy of improvements in cognition and global outcome in Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: Two randomized, placebo-controlled trials investigated SB742457 15 and 35 mg daily in subjects with mild-to-moderate AD (Mini-Mental Health State Examination [MMSE] 10-26). Study 1 (n = 576) investigated SB742457 and donepezil (5-10 mg daily) as monotherapy for 6 months. Study 2 (n = 684) investigated SB742457 in subjects who were maintained on donepezil. Coprimary endpoints at 24 weeks assessed cognition (AD Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale [ADAS-Cog]) and global outcome (Study 1: Clinician Interview-Based Impression of Change Plus Caregiver Input [CIBIC+]; Study 2: Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes [CDR-SB]). Safety was assessed throughout.

Results: Both studies failed to achieve formal statistical significance for their primary objectives. Study 1: SB742457 monotherapy was not statistically significantly different from placebo on any endpoint. Donepezil improved CIBIC+ but not ADAS-Cog. Study 2: SB742457 35 mg showed statistically significant differences relative to placebo for ADAS-cog (weeks 12, 24, and 48, but not week 36), ADCS-ADL (weeks 12-36, but not week 48), and CDR-SB (week 12 only).

Conclusion: Neither study met the overall criteria for success, but as an adjunct to donepezil, SB742457 was associated with sustained improvements for up to 48 weeks in cognition and ADL, compared with donepezil alone.Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov: Study 1 NCT00708552; Study 2 NCT00710684.

Keywords: 5-HT6 antagonist; ADAS-Cog; Alzheimer's disease; CDR-SB; CIBIC+; Donepezil.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow of subjects through Study 1 (A) and Study 2 (B). ITT, intent-to-treat.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Results from analysis of change from baseline using a MMRM model in the assessment of treatment effect of SB742457 on the ADAS-Cog (A, B), CIBIC+ (C), CDR-SB (D), ADCS-ADL (E, F), and RBANS (G, H) in the ITT population of Study 1 (panels A, C, E, G) and 2 (panels B, D, F, H). Data presented as adjusted mean ± 95% CI. Abbreviations: MMRM, mixed model for repeated measures; ADAS-Cog, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive Subscale; CDR-SB, Clinical Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes; CI, confidence interval; CIBIC+, Clinician Interview-Based Impression of Change Plus Caregiver Input; ADCS-ADL, Alzheimer's Disease Co-operative Study-Activities of Daily Living Scale; RBANS, Repeatable Battery for Assessment of Neuropsychological Status; ITT, intent-to-treat.

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