Subgingival air-polishing with erythritol during periodontal maintenance: randomized clinical trial of twelve months

Nada Müller, Raphaël Moëne, José A Cancela, Andrea Mombelli, Nada Müller, Raphaël Moëne, José A Cancela, Andrea Mombelli

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate repeated subgingival air-polishing in residual pockets with a new erythritol powder containing 0.3% chlorhexidine.

Material and methods: Single-centre, examiner masked, randomized clinical trial of 12 months with a two-arm, within-subject parallel design. Fifty patients in periodontal maintenance were monitored in 3-month intervals. At months 0, 3, 6 and 9, all sites presenting with a probing depth (PD) >4 mm were subject to subgingival air-polishing (test side) or ultrasonic debridement (control side). The primary endpoint was presence/absence of PD >4 mm after 12 months.

Results: Totally 6918 sites were monitored at baseline, 457 of them had a PD >4 mm (range 5-9 mm). The number of pockets >4 mm per subject, PD and bleeding on probing were significantly lower at month 12. Differences between test and control were not significant. There was a significant difference in favour of air-polishing for the perception of pain/discomfort. Differences of frequencies at >1000 and >100,000 cells/ml of six microorganisms between baseline and month 12 were not significant. At month 12, test sites were less frequently positive for Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans at >1000 cells/ml than controls, and counts never exceeded 100,000 cells/ml.

Conclusions: Repeated subgingival air-polishing reduced the number of pockets >4 mm similar to ultrasonic debridement. It was safe and induced less pain.

Keywords: air-polishing; clinical trial; maintenance; subgingival plaque removal.

© 2014 The Authors. Journal of Clinical Periodontology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Erythritol powder containing 0.3% chlorhexidine (Air Flow® Powder PLUS).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Subgingival air-polishing in a residual pocket, using a special nozzle (test).

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