Effect of 18F-Fluciclovine Positron Emission Tomography on the Management of Patients With Recurrence of Prostate Cancer: Results From the FALCON Trial
Andrew F Scarsbrook, David Bottomley, Eugene J Teoh, Kevin M Bradley, Heather Payne, Asim Afaq, Jamshed Bomanji, Nicholas van As, Sue Chua, Peter Hoskin, Anthony Chambers, Gary J Cook, Victoria S Warbey, Sai Han, Hing Y Leung, Albert Chau, Matthew P Miller, Fergus V Gleeson, FALCON study group, Gerard Andrade, Philip Camilieri, Katherine Hyde, Ruth Macpherson, Neel Patel, Ami Sabharwal, Manil Subesinghe, Maria Tsakok, Andrew F Scarsbrook, David Bottomley, Eugene J Teoh, Kevin M Bradley, Heather Payne, Asim Afaq, Jamshed Bomanji, Nicholas van As, Sue Chua, Peter Hoskin, Anthony Chambers, Gary J Cook, Victoria S Warbey, Sai Han, Hing Y Leung, Albert Chau, Matthew P Miller, Fergus V Gleeson, FALCON study group, Gerard Andrade, Philip Camilieri, Katherine Hyde, Ruth Macpherson, Neel Patel, Ami Sabharwal, Manil Subesinghe, Maria Tsakok
Abstract
Purpose: Early and accurate localization of lesions in patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) of prostate cancer may guide salvage therapy decisions. The present study, 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT in biochemicAL reCurrence Of Prostate caNcer (FALCON; NCT02578940), aimed to evaluate the effect of 18F-fluciclovine on management of men with BCR of prostate cancer.
Methods and materials: Men with a first episode of BCR after curative-intent primary therapy were enrolled at 6 UK sites. Patients underwent 18F-fluciclovine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) according to standardized procedures. Clinicians documented management plans before and after scanning, recording changes to treatment modality as major and changes within a modality as other. The primary outcome measure was record of a revised management plan postscan. Secondary endpoints were evaluation of optimal prostate specific antigen (PSA) threshold for detection, salvage treatment outcome assessment based on 18F-fluciclovine-involvement, and safety.
Results: 18F-Fluciclovine was well tolerated in the 104 scanned patients (median PSA = 0.79 ng/mL). Lesions were detected in 58 out of 104 (56%) patients. Detection was broadly proportional to PSA level; ≤1 ng/mL, 1 out of 3 of scans were positive, and 93% scans were positive at PSA >2.0 ng/mL. Sixty-six (64%) patients had a postscan management change (80% after a positive result). Major changes (43 out of 66; 65%) were salvage or systemic therapy to watchful waiting (16 out of 66; 24%); salvage therapy to systemic therapy (16 out of 66; 24%); and alternative changes to treatment modality (11 out of 66, 17%). The remaining 23 out of 66 (35%) management changes were modifications of the prescan plan: most (22 out of 66; 33%) were adjustments to planned brachytherapy/radiation therapy to include a 18F-fluciclovine-guided boost. Where 18F-fluciclovine guided salvage therapy, the PSA response rate was higher than when 18F-fluciclovine was not involved (15 out of 17 [88%] vs 28 out of 39 [72%]).
Conclusions: 18F-Fluciclovine PET/CT located recurrence in the majority of men with BCR, frequently resulting in major management plan changes. Incorporating 18F-fluciclovine PET/CT into treatment planning may optimize targeting of recurrence sites and avoid futile salvage therapy.
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed