Analysis of postural control and muscular performance in young and elderly women in different age groups

Matheus M Gomes, Júlia G Reis, Regiane L Carvalho, Erika H Tanaka, Miguel A Hyppolito, Daniela C C Abreu, Matheus M Gomes, Júlia G Reis, Regiane L Carvalho, Erika H Tanaka, Miguel A Hyppolito, Daniela C C Abreu

Abstract

Background: muscle strength and power are two factors affecting balance. The impact of muscle strength and power on postural control has not been fully explored among different age strata over sixty.

Objectives: the aim of the present study was to assess the muscle strength and power of elderly women in different age groups and determine their correlation with postural control.

Method: eighty women were divided into four groups: the young 18-30 age group (n=20); the 60-64 age group (n=20); the 65-69 age group (n=20); and the 70-74 age group (n=20). The participants underwent maximum strength (one repetition maximum or 1-RM) and muscle power tests to assess the knee extensor and flexor muscles at 40%, 70%, and 90% 1-RM intensity. The time required by participants to recover their balance after disturbing their base of support was also assessed.

Results: the elderly women in the 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 age groups exhibited similar muscle strength, power, and postural control (p>0.05); however, these values were lower than those of the young group (p<0.05) as expected. There was a correlation between muscle strength and power and the postural control performance (p<0.05).

Conclusion: despite the age difference, elderly women aged 60 to 74 years exhibited similar abilities to generate strength and power with their lower limbs, and this ability could be one factor that explains the similar postural control shown by these women.

Figures

Figure 1. Mean and standard deviation of…
Figure 1. Mean and standard deviation of muscle strength of the knee extensors and flexors for the different age groups (young, 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 years old).
Figure 2. Mean and standard deviation of…
Figure 2. Mean and standard deviation of muscle power of the knee extensors (A), and knee flexors (B) at the relative intensities of 40%, 70%, and 90% 1-RM among the different age groups (young, 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 years old).
Figure 3. Mean and standard deviation of…
Figure 3. Mean and standard deviation of AP (A) and ML (B) recovery times with eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) for all of the age groups (young, 60-64, 65-69, and 70-74 years old).

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