Associations between tooth wear and dental sleep disorders: A narrative overview

Peter Wetselaar, Daniele Manfredini, Jari Ahlberg, Anders Johansson, Ghizlane Aarab, Chryssa E Papagianni, Marisol Reyes Sevilla, Michail Koutris, Frank Lobbezoo, Peter Wetselaar, Daniele Manfredini, Jari Ahlberg, Anders Johansson, Ghizlane Aarab, Chryssa E Papagianni, Marisol Reyes Sevilla, Michail Koutris, Frank Lobbezoo

Abstract

Objectives: Tooth wear is a common finding in adult patients with dental sleep disorders. The aim of this paper was to review the literature on the possible associations between tooth wear and the following dental sleep disorders: sleep-related oro-facial pain, oral moistening disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) and sleep bruxism.

Methods: A PubMed search was performed on 1 June 2018 using MeSH terms in the following query: Tooth Wear AND (Facial Pain OR Temporomandibular Joint Disorders OR Xerostomia OR Sialorrhea OR Gastroesophageal Reflux OR Sleep Apnea Syndrome OR Sleep Bruxism).

Results: The query yielded 706 reports on tooth wear and the mentioned dental sleep disorders. Several associations between tooth wear and the dental sleep disorders were suggested in the literature. It could be concluded that: (a) tooth wear is associated with dental pain and/or hypersensitivity; (b) oral dryness is associated with tooth wear, oro-facial pain and sleep bruxism; (c) GERD is associated with tooth wear, oro-facial pain, oral dryness, OSAS and sleep bruxism; (d) OSAS is associated with oral dryness, GERD and sleep bruxism; and (e) sleep bruxism is associated with tooth wear.

Conclusions: Tooth wear is associated with the dental sleep disorders oro-facial pain, oral dryness, GERD and sleep bruxism. The dental sleep disorders are interlinked with each other, which leads to indirect associations as well, and makes the consequences of each single condition difficult to disentangle. Knowledge of these associations is clinically relevant, but more research is needed to confirm their validity.

Keywords: adult; gastroesophageal reflux disease; hypersalivation; hyposalivation; oral moistening disorders; oro-facial pain; ptyalism; sialorrhea; sleep apnoea; sleep bruxism; tooth wear; xerostomia.

Conflict of interest statement

For this document, The authors declare no conflict of interest.

© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

References

    1. Shellis RP, Addy M. The interactions between attrition, abrasion and erosion in tooth wear. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:32‐45.
    1. Wetselaar P, Lobbezoo F. The Tooth Wear Evaluation System (TWES): a modular clinical guideline for the diagnosis and management planning of worn dentitions. J Oral Rehabil. 2016;43:69‐80.
    1. Johansson AK, Omar R, Carlsson GE, Johansson A. Dental erosion and its growing importance in clinical practice: from past to present. Int J Dent. 2012;2012:765‐17.
    1. Gandara BK, Truelove EL. Diagnosis and management of dental erosion. J Contemp Dent Pract. 1999;1:16‐23.
    1. Ganss C, Lussi A. Diagnosis of erosive tooth wear. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:22‐31.
    1. Wetselaar P, Faris A, Lobbezoo F. A plea for the development of an universally accepted modular tooth wear evaluation system. BMC Oral Health. 2016;16:115.
    1. Van’t Spijker A, Rodriguez JM, Kreulen CM, Bronkhorst EM, Bartlett DW, Creugers NH. Prevalence of tooth wear in adults. Int J Prosthodont. 2009;22:35‐42.
    1. Jaeggi T, Lussi A. Prevalence, incidence and distribution of erosion. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:55‐73.
    1. Wetselaar P, Vermaire JH, Visscher CM, Lobbezoo F, Schuller AA. The prevalence of tooth wear in the Dutch adult population. Caries Res. 2016;50:543‐550.
    1. Loomans B, Opdam N, Attin T, et al. Severe tooth wear: European Consensus Statement on Management Guidelines. J Adhes Dent. 2017;19:111‐119.
    1. Lussi A, Carvalho TS. Erosive tooth wear: a multifactorial condition of growing concern and increasing knowledge. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:765‐15.
    1. Lavigne GJ, Goulet JP, Zuconni M, Morrison F, Lobbezoo F. Sleep disorders and the dental patient: an overview. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 1999;88:257‐272.
    1. Lobbezoo F, Aarab G, Wetselaar P, Hoekema A, de Lange J, de Vries N. A new definition of dental sleep medicine. J Oral Rehabil. 2016;430:786‐790.
    1. Aarab G, Lobbezoo F. Dental sleep medicine redefined. Sleep Breath. 2018;22:1233.
    1. Lobbezoo F, Aarab G. Increasing the visibility of dental sleep disorders. J Clin Sleep Med. 2018;14:1827.
    1. de Leeuw R, Klasser GD (eds). Orofacial pain. Guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management. Sixth Edition. The American Academy of Orofacial Pain. Chicago, IL: Quintessence Publishing Co, Inc; 2018.
    1. West NX, Sanz M, Lussi A, Bartlett D, Bouchard P, Bourgeois D. Prevalence of dentine hypersensitivity and study of associated factors: a European population‐based cross‐sectional study. J Dent. 2013;41:841‐851.
    1. Burnett CA, Hussey DL, Clifford TJ. Presentation, diagnosis and initial management of patients referred to a hospital tooth wear clinic. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 2001;9:5‐7.
    1. Wazani BE, Dodd MN, Milosevic A. The signs and symptoms of tooth wear in a referred group of patients. Br Dent J. 2012;213:E10.
    1. Olley RC, Moazzez R, Bartlett D. The relationship between incisal/occlusal wear, dentine hypersensitivity and time after the last acid exposure in vivo. J Dent. 2015;43:248‐252.
    1. Macfarlane TV, Kenealy P, Kingdon HA, et al. Orofacial pain in young adults and associated childhood and adulthood factors: results of the population study, Wales, United Kingdom. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2009;37:438‐450.
    1. Schierz O, John MT, Schroeder E, Lobbezoo F. Association between anterior tooth wear and temporomandibular disorder pain in a German population. J Prosthet Dent. 2007;97:305‐309.
    1. Seligman DA, Pullinger AG. Dental attrition models predicting temporomandibular joint disease or masticatory muscle pain versus asymptomatic controls. J Oral Rehabil. 2006;33:789‐799.
    1. Llena‐Puy C. The rôle of saliva in maintaining oral health and as an aid to diagnosis. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11:E449‐E455.
    1. Wolff A, Joshi RK, Ekström J, et al. A guide to medications inducing salivary gland dysfunction, xerostomia, and subjective sialorrhea: a systematic review sponsored by the World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI. Drugs R D. 2017;17:765‐28.
    1. Hopcraft MS, Tan C. Xerostomia: an update for clinicians. Aust Dent J. 2010;553:238‐244.
    1. Löfgren CD, Wickström C, Sonesson M, Lagunas PT, Christersson C. A systematic review of methods to diagnose oral dryness and salivary gland function. BMC Oral Health. 2012;12:29.
    1. Oksenberg A, Froom P, Melamed S. Dry mouth upon awakening in obstructive sleep apnea. J Sleep Res. 2006;15:317‐320.
    1. Campisi G, Lo Russo L, Di Liberto C, et al. Saliva variations in gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease. J Dent. 2008;36:268‐271.
    1. Hara AT, Zero DT. The potential of saliva in protecting against dental erosion. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:197‐205.
    1. Young WG. The oral medicine of tooth wear. Aust Dent J. 2001;46:236‐250.
    1. Thie NM, Kato T, Bader G, Montplaisir JY, Lavigne GJ. The significance of saliva during sleep and the relevance of oromotor movements. Sleep Med Rev. 2002;6:213‐227.
    1. Huynh NT, Emami E, Helman JI, Chervin RD. Interactions between sleep disorders and oral diseases. Oral Dis. 2014;20:236‐245.
    1. Johansson A, Omar R, Carlsson GE. Bruxism and prosthetic treatment: a critical review. J Prosthodont Res. 2011;55:127‐136.
    1. Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Manfredini D, Winocur E. Are bruxism and the bite causally related? J Oral Rehabil. 2012;39:489‐501.
    1. Boeckxstaens G, El‐Serag HB, Smout AJ, Kahrilas PJ. Symptomatic reflux disease: the present, the past and the future. Gut. 2014;63:1185‐1193.
    1. Pace F, Pallotta S, Tonini M, Vakil N, Bianchi PG. Systematic review: gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease and dental lesions. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2008;27:1179‐1186.
    1. Moazzez R, Bartlett D. Intrinsic causes of erosion. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:180‐196.
    1. Schlueter N, Tveit AB. Prevalence of erosive tooth wear in risk groups. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:74‐98.
    1. Marsicano JA, de Moura‐Grec PG, Bonato R, Sales‐Peres M, Sales‐Peres A, Sales‐Peres SHdC. Gastroesophageal reflux, dental erosion, and halitosis in epidemiological surveys: a systematic review. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;25:135–141.
    1. Ranjitkar S, Smales RJ, Kaidonis JA. Oral manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;27:21–27.
    1. Moazzez R, Bartlett D, Anggiansah A. Dental erosion, gastro‐oesophageal reflux disease and saliva: how are they related? J Dent. 2004;32:489–494.
    1. Yoshikawa H, Furuta K, Ueno M, et al. Oral symptoms including dental erosion in gastroesophageal reflux disease are associated with decreased salivary flow volume and swallowing function. J Gastroenterol. 2012;47:412–420.
    1. Saksena R, Bartlett DW, Smith BG. The role of saliva in regurgitation erosion. Eur J Prosthodont Restor Dent. 1999;7:121–124.
    1. Sleep‐related breathing disorders in adults: recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research. The Report of an American Academy of Sleep Medicine Task Force. Sleep 1999;22:667–689.
    1. Deary V, Ellis JG, Wilson JA, Coulter C, Barclay NL. Simple snoring: not quite so simple after all? Sleep Med Rev. 2014;18:453–462.
    1. Punjabi NM. The epidemiology of adult obstructive sleep apnea. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2008;5:136–143.
    1. Senaratna CV, Perret JL, Lodge CJ, et al. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in the general population: a systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2017;34:70–81.
    1. Durán‐Cantolla J, Alkhraisat MH, Martínez‐Null C, Aguirre JJ, Guinea ER, Anitua E. Frequency of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in dental patients with tooth wear. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015;11:445–450.
    1. Nikolopoulou M, Naeije M, Aarab G, Hamburger HL, Visscher CM, Lobbezoo F. The effect of raising the bite without mandibular protrusion on obstructive sleep apnea. J Oral Rehabil. 2011;38:643–647.
    1. Zanation AM, Senior BA. The relationship between extraesophageal reflux (EER) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Sleep Med Rev. 2005;9:453–458.
    1. Basoglu OK, Vardar R, Tasbakan MS, et al. Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and gastroesophageal reflux disease: the importance of obesity and gender. Sleep Breath. 2015;19:585–592.
    1. Emilsson ÖI, Bengtsson A, Franklin KA, et al. Nocturnal gastro‐oesophageal reflux, asthma and symptoms of OSA: a longitudinal, general population study. Eur Respir J. 2013;41:1347–1354.
    1. Foresman BH. Sleep‐related gastroesophageal reflux. J Am Osteopath Assoc. 2000;100 (12 Suppl Pt 2):S7–10.
    1. Yang YX, Spencer G, Schutte‐Rodin S, Brensinger C, Metz DC. Gastroesophageal reflux and sleep events in obstructive sleep apnea. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2013;25:1017–1023.
    1. Lobbezoo F, Ahlberg J, Raphael KG, et al. Assessment of bruxism: the international consensus revisited. J Oral Rehabil. 2018;45:837–844.
    1. Manfredini D, Winocur E, Guarda‐Nardini L, Paesani D, Lobbezoo F. Epidemiology of bruxism in adults: a systematic review of the literature. J Orofac Pain. 2013;27:99–110.
    1. Lobbezoo F, Naeije M. Bruxism is mainly regulated centrally, not peripherally. J Oral Rehabil. 2001;28:1085–1091.
    1. Abe S, Yamaguchi T, Rompré PH, De Grandmont P, Chen YJ, Lavigne GJ. Tooth wear in young subjects: a discriminator between sleep bruxers and controls? Int J Prosthodont. 2009;22:342–350.
    1. Palinkas M, De Luca CG, Rodrigues LA, et al. Comparative capabilities of clinical assessment, diagnostic criteria, and polysomnography in detecting sleep bruxism. J Clin Sleep Med. 2015;11:1319–1325.
    1. Castroflorio T, Bargellini A, Rossini G, Cugliari G, Deregibus A, Manfredini D. Agreement between clinical and portable EMG/ECG diagnosis of sleep bruxism. J Oral Rehabil. 2015;42:759–764.
    1. Jonsgar C, Hordvik PA, Berge ME, Johansson AK, Svensson P, Johansson A. Sleep bruxism in individuals with and without attrition‐type tooth wear: an exploratory matched case‐control electromyographic study. J Dent. 2015;43:1504–1510.
    1. Casett E, Réus JC, Stuginski‐Barbosa J, et al. Validity of different tools to assess sleep bruxism: a meta‐analysis. J Oral Rehabil. 2017;44:722–734.
    1. Yoshizawa S, Suganuma T, Takaba M, et al. Phasic jaw motor episodes in healthy subjects with or without clinical signs and symptoms of sleep bruxism: a pilot study. Sleep Breath. 2014;18:187–193.
    1. Miyawaki S, Tanimoto Y, Araki Y, Katayama A, Fujii A, Takano‐Yamamoto T. Association between nocturnal bruxism and gastroesophageal reflux. Sleep. 2003;26:888–892.
    1. Miyawaki S, Tanimoto Y, Araki Y, Katayama A, Imai M, Takano‐Yamamoto T. Relationships among nocturnal jaw muscle activities, decreased esophageal pH, and sleep positions. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2004;126:615–619.
    1. Ohmure H, Oikawa K, Kanematsu K, et al. Influence of experimental esophageal acidification on sleep bruxism: a randomized trial. J Dent Res. 2011;90:665–671.
    1. Mengatto CM, da Dalberto S, Scheeren B, Barros SG. Association between sleep bruxism and gastroesophageal reflux disease. J Prosthet Dent. 2013;110:349–355.
    1. Ohayon MM, Li KK, Guilleminault C. Risk factors for sleep bruxism in the general population. Chest. 2001;119:53–61.
    1. Hesselbacher S, Subramanian S, Rao S, Casturi L, Surani S. Self‐reported sleep bruxism and nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: relationship to gender and ethnicity. Open Respir Med J. 2014;8:34–40.
    1. Phillips BA, Okeson J, Paesani D, Gilmore R. Effect of sleep position on sleep apnea and parafunctional activity. Chest. 1986;90:424–429.
    1. Okeson JP, Phillips BA, Berry D, Cook YR, Cabelka JF. Nocturnal bruxism events in subjects with sleep‐disordered breathing and control subjects. J Craniomandib Dis Facial Oral Pain. 1991;5:258–264.
    1. Sjoholm TT, Lowe AA, Miyamoto K, Fleetham JA, Ryan CF. Sleep bruxism in sleep‐disordered breathing. Arch Oral Biol. 2000;45:889–896.
    1. Oksenberg A, Arons E. Sleep bruxism related to obstructive sleep apnea: the effect of continuous positive airway pressure. Sleep Med. 2002;3:513–515.
    1. Hosoya H, Kitaura H, Hashimoto T, et al. Relationship between sleep bruxism and sleep respiratory events in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep Breath. 2014;18:837–844.
    1. Saito M, Yamaguchi T, Mikami S, et al. Weak association between sleep bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea. A sleep laboratory study. Sleep Breath. 2016;20:703–709.
    1. Manfredini D, Guarda‐Nardini L, Marchese‐Ragona R, Lobbezoo F. Theories on possible temporal relationships between sleep bruxism and obstructive sleep apnea events. An expert opinion. Sleep and Breathing. 2015;19(4):1459–1465.
    1. Moore PA, Guggenheimer J. Medication‐induced hyposalivation: etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. Compend Contin Educ Dent. 2008;29:50–55.
    1. Boyce HW, Bakheet MR. Sialorrhea: a review of a vexing, often unrecognized sign of oropharyngeal and esophageal disease. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005;39:89–97.
    1. Vakil N, van Zanten SV, Kahrilas P, Dent J, Jones R. Global Consensus Group. The Montreal definition and classification of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a global evidence‐based consensus. Am J Gastroenterol. 2006;101:1900–1920.
    1. Margaritis V, Nunn J. Challenges in assessing erosive tooth wear. Monogr Oral Sci. 2014;25:46–54.
    1. Schlueter N, Luka B. Erosive tooth wear – a review on global prevalence and on its prevalence in risk groups. Br Dent J. 2018;224:364–370.
    1. Dworkin SF, LeResche L. Research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders: review, criteria, examinations and specifications, critique. J Craniomandib Disord. 1992;6:301–355.
    1. Thomson WM, Chalmers JM, Spencer AJ, Williams SM. The Xerostomia Inventory: a multi‐item approach to measuring dry mouth. Community Dent Health. 1999;16:12–17.
    1. Gyawali CP, Kahrilas PJ, Savarino E, et al. Modern diagnosis of GERD: the Lyon Consensus. Gut. 2018;67:1351–1362.
    1. Saito M, Yamaguchi T, Mikami S, et al. Temporal association between sleep apnea‐hypopnea and sleep bruxism events. J Sleep Res. 2014;23:196–203.
    1. Lobbezoo F, van der Zaag J, Visscher CM, Naeije M. Oral kinesiology. A new postgraduate programme in the Netherlands. J Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:192–198.

Source: PubMed

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

3
Subscribe