Effectiveness of three modes of kinetic-chain exercises on quadriceps muscle strength and thigh girth among individuals with knee osteoarthritis

Oladapo Michael Olagbegi, Babatunde Olusola Adegoke, Adesola Christiana Odole, Oladapo Michael Olagbegi, Babatunde Olusola Adegoke, Adesola Christiana Odole

Abstract

Background: The study was designed to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of 12-week open, closed and combined kinetic-chain exercises (OKCE, CKCE and CCE) on quadriceps muscle strength and thigh girth of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).

Method: The randomized clinical trial involved ninety-six consecutive patients with knee OA who were randomly assigned to one of OKCE, CKCE or CCE groups. Participants' static quadriceps muscle strength (SQS), dynamic quadriceps muscle strength (DQS) and thigh girth (TG) were assessed using cable tensiometer, one repetition method and inelastic tape measure respectively at baseline and at the end of weeks 4, 8 and 12 of study.

Results: The three groups were comparable regarding their demographic and dependent variables at baseline; there was significant time effect (p < 0.001each) as all three measures significantly increased over time from baseline to week 12 [mean difference: SQS: 3.30 (95% CI: 2.52-4.08) N; DQS: 0.74 (95% CI: 0.45-1.02) N; TG: 1.32 (95% CI: 0.93-1.71) cm]. The effect of intervention-time interaction was not significant (p > 0.05) for all three measures. Changes in SQS, DQS and TG between baseline and week 12 were also not significantly different (p > 0.05) among the three groups.

Conclusion: All three exercise regimens are effective and demonstrate similar effects on quadriceps muscle strength and muscular trophism.

Trial registration: NHREC/05/01/2008a. Registered 20th March, 2014 Retrospectively.

Keywords: Exercise therapy; Knee osteoarthritis; Muscle strength; Quadriceps muscle.

Conflict of interest statement

The study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of the University of Ibadan and University College Hospital (Registration No: NHREC/05/01/2008a), the permission of the management of the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owo, Nigeria was also obtained before the study commenced. All participants gave their informed consent before being included in the study.Not applicable.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Participant performing (OKCE) straight leg raising with weight
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Participant performing (OKCE) full-arc extension exercise
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Participant performing (CKCE) wall slides with weight
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Participant performing (CKCE) steps up and down with weight
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Participant during static quadriceps muscle strength testing
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Participant during dynamic quadriceps muscle strength testing
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Flowchart of participants’ recruitment and participation

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