The Effects of Curcumin on Wound Healing in a Rat Model of Nasal Mucosal Trauma

Gokhan Emiroglu, Zerrin Ozergin Coskun, Yildiray Kalkan, Ozlem Celebi Erdivanli, Levent Tumkaya, Suat Terzi, Abdulkadir Özgür, Munir Demirci, Engin Dursun, Gokhan Emiroglu, Zerrin Ozergin Coskun, Yildiray Kalkan, Ozlem Celebi Erdivanli, Levent Tumkaya, Suat Terzi, Abdulkadir Özgür, Munir Demirci, Engin Dursun

Abstract

We explored the effects of topical curcumin on the healing of nasal mucosal wounds. A total of 32 Sprague-Dawley Albino rats were randomized in equal numbers into four groups, and unilateral nasal wounds were created using an interdental brush. Group 1 (the sham-control group) contained untreated rats with traumatized right-side nasal cavities; Group 2 and 3 rats were similarly traumatized and treated with topical curcumin (5 and 10 mg/mL) dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide daily for 7 days after trauma; Group 4 rats were treated with topical dimethyl sulfoxide only. All rats were decapitated on day 15 and the healing sites evaluated by blinded observers in terms of the presence of cellular hyperplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy and degeneration, leucocytic infiltration, ciliary loss and degeneration, edema, and vascular dilation. On histopathological evaluation, all of cellular hyperplasia, leukocytic infiltration, and edema were significantly reduced in Group 3 compared with Group 1 (p = 0.001, p = 0.004, and p = 0.008, resp.). Thus, curcumin reduced the inflammatory response and significantly accelerated wound healing.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Application of drops to the right nasal cavity of the rat after traumatization.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Nasal mucosa of Group 1 (sham-control group). (a) d: vascular dilatation; g: goblet cell; e: edema; arrowhead: leukocytic infiltration. (b) v: vacuolization; h: bleeding. Trichrome staining: (a) 20x and (b) 40x.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Nasal mucosa of Group 2 (low-dose curcumin group). (a) e: edema; h: bleeding; d: vascular dilatation. (b) h: bleeding; v: vacuolization; d: vascular dilatation; de: degenerative cell. Trichrome staining: (a) 20x and (b) 40x.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Nasal mucosa of Group 3 (high-dose curcumin group). (a) e: edema; h: bleeding; d: vascular dilatation; de: degenerative cell. (b) e: edema; d: vascular dilatation; arrowhead: leukocytic infiltration. Trichrome staining: (a) 20x and (b) 40x.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Nasal mucosa of Group 4 (DMS group). (a) e: edema; h: bleeding; d: dilatation. (b) e: edema; h: bleeding; v: vacuolization; d: vascular dilatation. Trichrome staining: (a) 20x and (b) 40x.

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