Chemical Constituents, Pharmacologic Properties, and Clinical Applications of Bletilla striata

Delin Xu, Yinchi Pan, Jishuang Chen, Delin Xu, Yinchi Pan, Jishuang Chen

Abstract

Bletilla striata is a plant from the Orchidaceae family that has been employed as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for thousands of years in China. Here, we briefly review the published studies of the last 30 years that were related to chemical constituents, pharmacologic activities, and clinical applications of B. striata. Approximately 158 compounds have been extracted from B. striata tubers with clarified molecular structures that were classified as glucosides, bibenzyls, phenanthrenes, quinones, biphenanthrenes, dihydrophenanthrenes, anthocyanins, steroids, triterpenoids, and phenolic acids. These chemicals support the pharmacological properties of hemostasis and wound healing, and also exhibit anti-oxidation, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and anti-bacterial activities. Additionally, various clinical trials conducted on B. striata have demonstrated its marked activities as an embolizing and mucosa-protective agent, and its application for use in novel biomaterials, quality control, and toxicology. It also has been widely used as a constituent of many preparations in TCM formulations, but because there are insufficient studies on its clinical properties, its efficacy and safety cannot be established from a scientific point of view. We hope that this review will provide reference for further research and development of this unique plant.

Keywords: Bletilla striata; chemical constituents; clinical application; pharmacological activities; quality control; toxicology.

Copyright © 2019 Xu, Pan and Chen.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structures of glycoside compounds (1–19) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Chemical structures of bibenzyls (20–47) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Chemical structures of phenanthrenes (48–66) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Chemical structures of quinones (67–71) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Chemical structures of biphenanthrenes (72–89) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Chemical structures of dihydrophenanthrenes (90–112) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Chemical structures of anthocyanins (113–117) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Chemical structures of steroids (118–128) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Chemical structures of triterpenoids (129–136) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 10
Figure 10
Chemical structures of phenolic acids (137–148) isolated from B. striata.
Figure 11
Figure 11
Chemical structures of other compounds (149–158) isolated from B. striata.

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