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E-cigarette Social Media Marketing and Its Perceptions by Youth

3. juli 2026 opdateret af: Jennifer Unger, University of Southern California

Evolution of Influencer-driven E-cigarette Marketing on Social Media and Its Effect on E-cigarette Perceptions and Use Patterns Among Adolescents

The proposed study will conduct two randomized between-subject experiments among 6,000 adolescents (per each experiment) recruited nationwide to test the effects of audio-visual features of e-cigarette influencer marketing on perceptions of influencer credibility, e-cigarette harm perceptions, appeal, and susceptibility to e-cigarette use. This protocol represent the first experiment.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

We will estimate the effects of visual features often used in e-cigarette influencer marketing on social media on perceptions of influencer credibility, harm perceptions, appeal and susceptibility to e-cigarette use among adolescents. We will assess interaction of the perceived age of influencers (young-looking vs older-looking) with the following features of influencer marketing, using two survey-based experiments: Experiment 1 will assess the effects of theme or social context appeal, i.e., use of generally positively perceived lifestyle contexts (e.g., healthy lifestyle, entertainment) alongside e-cigarette marketing.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

6000

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Jennifer B Unger, PI, PhD
  • Telefonnummer: (323) 442-7200
  • E-mail: unger@usc.edu

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

  • Navn: Julia Vassey, PhD
  • Telefonnummer: (323) 442-7200
  • E-mail: vassey@usc.edu

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Barn

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 14-17 years of age,
  • English fluency,

Exclusion Criteria:

Not meeting the following criteria:

  • 14-17 years of age,
  • English fluency,

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Andet
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Faktoriel opgave
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring young influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside fitness
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring young influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside entertainment
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring young influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside fashion
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring young influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside avatar
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring older influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside fitness
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring older influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside fashion
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring older influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside avatar
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring young influencers promoting e-cigarettes alone
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Aktiv komparator: Experimental: Videos featuring older influencers promoting e-cigarettes alone
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Placebo komparator: Experimental: Videos featuring two neutral profiles of older influencers
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Placebo komparator: Experimental: Videos featuring two neutral profiles of younger influencers
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.
Eksperimentel: Experimental: Videos featuring older influencers promoting e-cigarettes alongside entertainment
Andet: Youth Perceptions of Influencer Age and Various Contexts in E-Cigarette Marketing
Participants watched online survey-imbedded promotional videos featuring influencers. Influencer age appearance was manipulated using AI-based age filter.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Harm Perceptions of e-cigarettes
Tidsramme: Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Responses to one question adapted from PATH, "Based on the videos you just watched, do you think using e-cigarettes for vaping nicotine is harmful to your health?" The outcome was assessed on the 5-point ordinal scale with the following response choices: Not at all harmful, slightly harmful, somewhat harmful, very harmful, extremely harmful.
Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Perceived appeal of e-cigarettes
Tidsramme: Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Responses to the following questions: using e-cigarette is: not cool/cool, unattractive/attractive were assessed on the 7-point semantic differential scale with the word pairs anchored at each end. The scale was adapted from prior research. The items were combined (by summing all the non-missing values of the items) into one variable (α=0.94).
Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Susceptibility to e-cigarette use
Tidsramme: Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Susceptibility to e-cigarette use was measured (among never-users of e-cigarettes), using the validated three-item scale (indicating peer influence, intention, and curiosity about e-cigarette use) adapted from PATH, and combined into one variable (α=0.93). Consistent with prior research, the measure was dichotomized with responses "definitely not" to all items being coded as "not susceptible" and responses "probably not," "probably yes", or "definitely yes" being coded as "susceptible.
Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Perceived influencer credibility
Tidsramme: Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment
Perceived influencer credibility (i.e., honesty, trustworthiness, knowledge) were assessed using a 0 (e.g., dishonest) -100 (e.g., honest) scale that has been validated in prior research.
Assessed 10 times immediately after each of the 10 videos during the 15-minute-long survey-based experiment

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

University of Southern California

Samarbejdspartnere

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Jennifer B Unger, PhD, University of Southern California

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

1. januar 2027

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

30. december 2028

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

30. december 2030

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

3. juli 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

3. juli 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

10. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

10. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

3. juli 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 1R01CA300653-01A1

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

survey is anonymous. Data will be publicly available on GitHub repository if manuscripts related to this study are accepted for publication

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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Disse oplysninger blev hentet direkte fra webstedet clinicaltrials.gov uden ændringer. Hvis du har nogen anmodninger om at ændre, fjerne eller opdatere dine undersøgelsesoplysninger, bedes du kontakte register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ændring er implementeret på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også blive opdateret automatisk på vores hjemmeside .

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